Chapter 2 Study Guide Flashcards
(56 cards)
Earth population
Nearly 8 billion people
Where are most of the world’s population growing
In developing countries
Overpopulation
When the number of people exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Census
The single most important data source for a geographer
Ecumene
The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement
Non-ecumene
An area that does not have permanent human settlements
4 lands that are sparsely populated
Dry, Wet, Cold, and High
Arithmetic Density
Total number of people divided by the total land area
Physiological Density
Number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture
Agricultural Density
Number of farmers per unit area of farmland
Doubling Time
Number of years needed to double a population
Current doubling time
54 years
Regions with high CBR
Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa
Regions with low CBR
Siberia, North America, and Europe
Demography
Scientific study of population characteristics; look at how people are distributed spatially
Total Fertility Rate
Average number of children a woman is expected to have throughout her childbearing years
World TFR
2.4
US TFR
1.9
Regions with high TFR
Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
Regions with low TFR
Europe and North America
Demographic Transition
Change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates
Inductrial Revolution
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
Medical Revolution
Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that has diffused to developing or poorer countries
Zero Population Growth
A decline of the TFR to the point where the natural increase rate is 0
