Chapter 2 Study Guide Flashcards
(21 cards)
Silk Road
This was the name given to routes that connected civilizations from the Mediterranean in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It was a major trade route
The Crusades
Trade between Venice and other Italian cities and the East had actually been re-established several centuries before the Polos’ journeys. It happened as a result of a series of religious wars between Christian and Muslim forces. These wars became known as “the Crusades.”
Marco Polo
Merchant - adventured the east, silk road, encountered kublai khan and retired with lots of stories
Pope Urban II
launched a Christian crusade to drive out Muslims
City-States
a politically independent city and the rural area or hinterland around it
Hinterland
the rural area around a city-state
Commerce
the exchange of goods and services
Ciompi
There was high unemployment among them and people who did not belong to guilds. They wanted to form their own guild but were denied. So they led a revolt/uprising of the lower classes.
Usury
the practice of charging interest when loaning money to someone played an important part in creating wealth. Church considered it sinful.
Geography
the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere
Peninsula
a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water.
Isthmus
a narrow strip of land with sea on either side, forming a link between two larger areas of land. Constantinople
Theological
the study of the nature of religion
Renaissance
a period of time in European civilization that was marked by the revival of classical learning and wisdom
Republic
a state in which power is held by the people
Economics
the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services
Citizenship
the position or status of being a citizen of a particular country.
Where did some of the ideas from Europe that helped influence the western worldview to come from?
The renaissance - influenced major shifts in European thoughts/worldview
What were some consequences of the Crusades?
War/tensions (between Christians and Muslims)
Why was the hinterland important?
They all wanted to expand their hinterland territory to support themselves more. City-states were very successful = more money
What were potential reasons for city-states to be successful?
- geography (better for trade)
- climate (Italy milder - trade/travel not interrupted by winter weather. wine)
- leadership (own governments, armies, and affairs = richer)
- social organization (feudalism not as strong, noble in towns = upper class = business/politics)
