Chapter 2 Test

Question 1

What is the Albany Plan of Union?

Answer 1

Attempt to address colonial trade and unite during the French and Indian War

Question 2

What is Bicameral?

Answer 2

Two house

Representation based on population in the lower house and equal representation in the upper house (compromise)

Question 3

What is a Charter?

Answer 3

Direct control of the people

Or a written grant of authority from the king

Question 4

What is the constitution?

Answer 4

Nations fundamental law
Rules book
Brief document
Greatest strength is it’s flexibility- able to adapt and change over time

Question 5

What is Limited Government?

Answer 5

Government is not all powerful

People have rights that the government cannot take away

Question 6

What is the Petition of Right?

Answer 6

(1628) Signed by Charles 1- established the principle that even the monarch must obey the laws

Question 7

What is a Proprietary colony?

Answer 7

Direct control of the proprietor

Question 8

What is a representative government?

Answer 8

Government should serve the will of the people

Question 9

What is the three fifths compromise?

Answer 9

Should slaves be counted as 3/5ths of a person

South must pay 3/5 of a head tax

Question 10

Delaware?

Answer 10

The first state to ratify

Question 11

North Carolina?

Answer 11

One of the last two states to ratify 10th- 1789 with Rhode Island in 1790- 11th

Question 12

Who were the anti federalists?

Answer 12

Those in favor of the new constitution

Question 13

What was the commerce and slave trade compromise?

Answer 13

The south feared that congress would tax exports to help fund the government and feared they should stop the slave trade

Congress was forbidden from taxing exports
Congress could not regulate the slave trade for 20 yrs

Question 14

What is a Confederation?

Answer 14

A joining of several groups for a common purpose

Question 15

Who were the Framers?

Answer 15

(55) group of delegates sent to Philadelphia in 1787

Question 16

What is the Magna Carta?

Answer 16

Signed by king John- established the principle that the monarchy/ government was not absolute

Question 17

What was the Philadelphia Convention?

Answer 17

A meeting to revise the articles of confederation

Scraped the entire thing and wrote a new one

Question 18

What is a Quorum?

Answer 18

A majority

Question 19

What was a royal colony?

Answer 19

Direct control of the crown

Question 20

What is Unicameral?

Answer 20

One house Legislature

Representation- equal one vote per state

Question 21

New York?

Answer 21

One of the two states that did not ratify

Also first capital city

Question 22

What was Shays rebellion?

Answer 22

Revolt against land/home foreclosures which led to violence

Question 23

What were this Articles of Confederation?

Answer 23

First constitution of USA- drafted during the revolution in 1777
Benjamin Franklin wrote the first draft
John Dickinson wrote the final draft
Designed to have a weak central government and strong state government

Question 24

What is the Connecticut or Great Compromise?

Answer 24

Bicameral legislatures- representation based on population in the lower house and equal representation in the upper house (compromise)
Executive- 1 person
National Judiciary- Supreme Court and state courts
Gave co equal powers to central and local government

Question 25

What was the New Jersey Plan?

Answer 25

(William Patterson) 3 branches Unicameral Legislature Representation equal- one vote per state Executive- 3 people Judicial- Supreme Court and state courts Limited Powers to the central government shared with the states-FEDERAL

Question 26

What is popular sovereignty?

Answer 26

A government that exists only with the consent of the government

Question 27

What is ratification?

Answer 27

Official approval of the States

Question 28

What is the Second Continental Congress?

Answer 28

First time all colonies united (1775) | 1st National Government during the war for independence

Question 29

What was the Virginia Plan?

Answer 29

(James Madison)- father of our constitution 3 branches Bicameral Legislature- representation based on population or the amount of money you gave the government Executive- 1- president Judicial- 1- Supreme Court Greatly increased powers for the central government (tax, regulate trade, etc) UNITARY

Question 30

Virginia?

Answer 30

One of the two largest states that did not ratify | Thomas Jefferson becomes key vote- they ratify

Question 31

Major Weakness’s of the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 31

The central government had no... No power to tax No power to regulate trade No power to enforce laws No executive or judicial branches Amendments (changes to the Articles) only with the consent of all 13 states States bickered and argued refused to support central government

Question 32

What was the main argument in defense new constitution?

Answer 32

The central government was too weak

Question 33

What were the main reasons why people opposed the new Constitution?

Answer 33

Gave too much power to the federal government No bill of rights (rights of the people) later added by James Madison Led by Patrick Henry

Question 34

What are the major provisions of the Virginia and New Jersey Plans?

Answer 34

VA James Madison 3 branches Bicameral Legislature- representation based on population or the amount of money you gave the government Executive- 1- president Judicial- 1- Supreme Court Greatly increased powers for the central government (tax, regulate trade, etc) UNITARY ``` NJ (William Patterson) 3 branches Unicameral Legislature Representation equal- one vote per state Executive- 3 people Judicial- Supreme Court and state courts Limited Powers to the central government shared with the states-FEDERAL ```

Question 35

Major sources of the constitution?

Answer 35

``` Greece Rome Great Britain Judea Christian ```

Question 36

Major issues of contention over the VA and NJ plans?

Answer 36

Representation in the Legislative Branch

Question 37

What was the name given to the group who favored the new constitution and the name of the group who opposed it?

Answer 37

Federalist- favored | Anti federalists- opposed

Question 38

What were the federalist papers? Authors?

Answer 38

NY Series of 85 articles written- reasons why we need the constitution Written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay Jones It sways vote and N.C. and Rhode Island later ratify

Question 39

Who was not at the Constitutional convention, and why?

Answer 39

Patrick Henry- “smelt a rat” | John Adams and Thomas Jefferson- diplomats in Europe

Question 40

What two important states did not ratify the new constitution?

Answer 40

Virginia and North Carolina

Question 41

What were the last two states to ratify?

Answer 41

N.C. in 1789-10th | Rhode Island in 1790-11th