Chapter 2 Test Notes

Question 1

Temperature measure the amount of _______ energy in a substance

Answer 1

Thermal

Question 2

As sugar dissolves to make sweet tea, it undergoes what kind of change

Answer 2

Physical

Question 3

Covalently compounds form when atoms ____________ electrons

Answer 3

Lose

Question 4

In any change in matter whether physical or chemical, _______ and ______ are conserved

Answer 4

Energy
Mass

Question 5

Photosynthesis is an example of _______

Answer 5

Chemical change

Question 6

In an exothermic reaction, the products have _______ the reactants

Answer 6

Less energy than

Question 7

A substance that decreases the activity of an enzyme

Answer 7

Inhibitor

Question 8

The process by which one substance breaks down another substance into smaller parts, usually ions

Answer 8

Dissolving

Question 9

The substance that does the dissolving

Answer 9

Solvent

Question 10

A process by which Brownian motion causes matter to spread out

Answer 10

Diffusion

Question 11

All contain the element carbon

Answer 11

Organic compounds

Question 12

The Amin purpose of carbohydrates

Answer 12

Fuel living things

Question 13

Organic polymers consisting of chains of amino acids

Answer 13

Proteins

Question 14

Water reacts with many substances because it is ______

Answer 14

A polar molecule

Question 15

Nuclei acids contain instructions that cells use to build ________

Answer 15

Proteins

Question 16

5 types of energy

Answer 16

(1) light~ lightbulb
(2) thermal~ hot coffee
(3) chemical~ glucose
(4) mechanical~ motion, car
(5) acoustic~ sound piano

Question 17

Properties of water that makes it unique

Answer 17

(1) polarity
(2) shape
(3) dissolving
(4) hydrogen bonding
(5) cohesion
(6) adhesion

Question 18

What is a similarity in biomolecules

Answer 18

Elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 19

Carbohydrates

Answer 19

Elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Function- provide energy, provide support for insects
Examples- glucose, fructose, sucrose
Food sources- bread, fruit, starches, vegetables, sugar

Question 20

Lipids

Answer 20

Elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Function- store energy
Examples- fats, oils, steroids
Food sources- butter, nuts, oils

Question 21

Proteins

Answer 21

Elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Function- build muscles, hair, blood, skin
Examples- enzymes and hemoglobin
Food sources- beans, eggs, meat, poultry, seafood

Question 22

Nucleotides

Answer 22

Elements- carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus
Function- contain genetic information
Examples- DNA and RNA