Chapter 2-The Chemical Level of Organization

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

Elements

Answer 2

Substances that matter is composed of; Cannot be changed or broken down into simpler substances

Question 3

Atom

Answer 3

The smallest stable unit of matter; measurements usually reported in nanometers

Question 4

Protons

Answer 4

Positive electric charge; found in the nucleus

Question 5

Neutrons

Answer 5

Neutral charge; found in nucleus

Question 6

Electrons

Answer 6

Negative electrical charge; found in electron cloud or electron shells; the number of outer electrons in the outer electron shell determines the chemical properties of the element

Question 7

Atomic number

Answer 7

Number of protons in an atom

Question 8

Electron cloud

Answer 8

Surrounds the nucleus; where the electrons are located

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

Center of the atom; where protons and neutrons are located

Question 10

Electron shell

Answer 10

Another name for electron cloud

Question 11

Isotopes

Answer 11

Atoms of an element that contain a different number of neutrons in the nucleus; can only be distinguished from one another by their mass number

Question 12

Mass number

Answer 12

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 13

Atomic weight

Answer 13

Average mass of an element’s atoms