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Principles of Chemistry > CHAPTER 2 - The Components of Matter > Flashcards

CHAPTER 2 - The Components of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q
  • What are the rules for Binary Compounds of two non-metals?
A
  • Compounds composed of two non-metals are designated by the names of the elements followed by the ending -ide.
  • The following prefixes are used to specify the number of atoms in the molecule:

1 mono- 2 di- 3 tri- 4 tetra- 5 penta- 6 hexa-

7 hepta- 8 octa- 9 nona- 10 deca-

​

  • Note: If there is only 1 atom of the first element, the term “mono” is dropped, but the number of atoms of the second element is always specified.

​

  • Also Note: That a vowel is often dropped in a name to avoid a double vowel combination of oo or “ao”. Ex. CO = carbon monoxide (not carbon monooxide).
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2
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Li

A

Lithium

Li+

No Name Change*

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3
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Na

A

Sodium

Na+

No Name Change*

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4
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

K

A

Potassium

K+

No Name Change*

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5
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Rb

A

Rubidium

Rb+

No Name Change*

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6
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Cs

A

Cesium

Cs+

No Name Change*

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7
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Ag

A

Silver

Ag+

No Name Change*

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8
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Be

A

Berylium

Be2+

No Name Change*

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9
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Mg

A

Magnesium

Mg2+

No Name Change*

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10
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Ca

A

Calcium

Ca2+

No Name Change*

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11
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Sr

A

Strontium

Sr2+

No Name Change*

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12
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Ba

A

Barium

Ba2+

No Name Change*

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13
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Zn

A

Zinc

Zn2+

No Name Change*

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14
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Cd

A

Cadmium

Cd2+

No Name Change*

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15
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

Al

A

Aluminum

Al3+

No Name Change*

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16
Q
  • What is the Name & Charge of this Ion?

NH

A

Ammonium

NH4+

Nitrogen + Hydrogen

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17
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Cu

A

Cupri-ous

Cu+

Cupri-ic

Cu2+

Copper

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18
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Hg

A

Mercur-ous

Hg+

Mercur-ic

Hg2+

Mercury

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19
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Au

A

Aur-ous

Au+

Aur-ic

Au3+

Gold

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20
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Cr

A

Chrom-ous

Cr2+

Chrom-ic

Cr3+

Chromium

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21
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Mn

A

Mangan-ous

Mn2+

Magan-ic

Mn3+

Magnesium

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22
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Fe

A

Ferr-ous

Fe2+

Ferr-ic

Fe3+

Iron

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23
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Co

A

Cobalt-ous

Co2+

Cobalt-ic

Co3+

Cobalt

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24
Q
  • What are the Charges and Names of this Ion?

Ni

A

Nickel-ous

Ni2+

Nickel-ic

Ni3+

Nickel

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25
* What are the **Charges** and **Names** of this Ion? **Sn**
**Stann-ous** Sn2+ **Stann-ic** Sn4+ _Tin_
26
* What are the **Charges** and **Names** of this Ion? **Pb**
**Plumb-ous** Pb2+ **Plumb-ic** Pb4+ _Lead_
27
* What are the **Charges** and **Names** of this Ion? **As**
**Arseni-ous** As3+ **Arsen-ic** As5+ _Arsenic_
28
* What are the **Charges** and **Names** of this Ion? **Sb**
**Antimon-ous** Sb3+ **Antmon-ic** Sb5+ _Antimony_
29
* What are the **Charges** and **Names** of this Ion? **Bi**
**Bismuth-ous** Bi3+ **Bismuth-ic** Bi5+ _Bismuth_
30
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **F**
**Fluoride** F- _Fluorine_
31
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **Cl**
**Chloride** Cl- _Chlorine_
32
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **Br**
**Bromide** Br- _Bromine_
33
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **I**
**Iodide** I- _Iodine_
34
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **O**
**Oxide** O2- _Oxygen_
35
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **S**
**Sulfide** S2- _Sulfur_
36
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **Se**
**Selenide** Se2- _Selenium_
37
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **Te**
**Telluride** Te2- _Tellurium_
38
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **N**
**Nitride** N3- _Nitrogen_
39
* What is the **Name** & **Charge** of this Ion? **P**
**Phosphide** P3- _Phosphorus_
40
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Nitrite**
_(**1**) Nitrogen_ + _(**2**) Oxygen_ = **NO2-** *_Nitride_*
41
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Nitrate**
_(**1**) Nitrogen_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **NO3-** *_Nitrate_*
42
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Hypochlorite**
_(**1**) Chlorine_ + _(**1**) Oxygen_ = **ClO-** *_Hypochlorite_*
43
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Chlorite**
_(**1**) Chlorine_ + _(**2**) Oxygen_ = **ClO2-** *_Chlorite_*
44
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Chlorate**
_(**1**) Chlorine_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **ClO3-** *_Chlorate_*
45
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Perchlorate**
_(**1**) Chlorine_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **ClO4-** *_Perchlorate_*
46
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Hypobromite**
_(**1**) Bromine_ + _(**1**) Oxygen_ = **BrO-** *_Hypobromite_*
47
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Bromite**
_(**1**) Bromine_ + _(**2**) Oxygen_ = **BrO2-** *_Bromite_*
48
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Bromate**
_(**1**) Bromine_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **BrO3-** *_Bromate_*
49
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Perbromate**
_(**1**) Bromine_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **BrO4-** *_Perbromate_*
50
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Hypoiodite**
_(**1**) Iodine_ + _(**1**) Oxygen_ = **IO-** *_Hypoiodite_*
51
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Iodite**
_(**1**) Iodine_ + _(**2**) Oxygen_ = **IO2-** *_Iodite_*
52
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Iodate**
_(**1**) Iodine_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **IO3-** *_Iodate_*
53
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Periodate**
_(**1**) Iodine_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **IO4-** *_Periodate_*
54
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Permanganate**
_(**1**) Manganse_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **MnO4-** *_Permanganate_*
55
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Acetate**
_(**2**) Carbon_ + _(**3**) Hydrogen_ + _(**2**) Oxygen_ = **C2H3O2- ***_or_* **CH3COO-** *_Acetate_*
56
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Cyanate**
_(**1**) Carbon_ + _(**1**) Nitrogen_ + _(**1**) Oxygen_ = **CNO-** *_Cyanate_*
57
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Thiocyanate**
_(**1**) Carbon_ + _(**1**) Nitrogen_ + _(**1**) Sulfur_ = **CNS-** *_Thiocynate_*
58
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Formate**
_(**1**) Hydrogen_ + _(**1**) Carbon_ + _(**2**) Oxygen_ = **HCO2- ***_or_***HCOO-** *_Formate_*
59
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Azide**
_(**3**) Nitrogen_ = **N3-** *_Azide_*
60
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Hydroxide**
_(**1**) Oxygen_ + _(**1**) Hydrogen_ = **OH-** *_Hydroxide_*
61
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Cyanide**
_(**1**) Carbon_ + _(**1**) Nitrogen_ = **CN-** *_Cyanide_*
62
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Bicarbonate**
_(**1**) Hydrogen_ + _(**1**) Carbon_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **HCO3-** *_Bicarbonate_*
63
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Carbonate**
_(**1**) Carbon_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **CO32-** *_Carbonate_*
64
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Sulfate**
_(**1**) Sulfur_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **SO32-** *_Sulfite_*
65
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Sulfate**
_(**1**) Sulfur_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **SO42-** *_Sulfate_*
66
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Chromate**
_(**1**) Chromium_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **CrO42-** *_Chromate_*
67
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Dichromate**
_(**2**) Chromium_ + _(**7**) Oxygen_ = **CrO72-** *_Dichromate_*
68
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Oxalate**
_(**2**) Carbon_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **C2O42-** *_Oxalate_*
69
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Thiosulfate**
_(**2**) Sulfur_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **S2O32-** *_Thiosulfate_*
70
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Peroxide**
_(**2**) Oxygen_ = **O22-** *_Peroxide_*
71
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Carbide**
_(**2**) Carbon_ = **C22-** *_Carbide_*
72
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Phosphate**
_(**1**) Phosphorus_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **PO43-** *_Phosphate_*
73
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Borate**
_(**1**) Boron_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **BO33-** *_Borate_*
74
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Arsenite**
_(**1**) Arsenic_ + _(**3**) Oxygen_ = **AsO33-** *_Arsenite_*
75
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Arsenate**
_(**1**) Arsenic_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **AsO43-** *_Arsenate_*
76
* What **elements** make up this Ion & what its **charge**? **Silicate**
_(**1**) Silicon_ + _(**4**) Oxygen_ = **SiO44-** *_Silicate_*
77
* What are the rules for **Acids** that **_DO NOT_** contain **Oxygen**?
* Names of Acids that DO NOT contain Oxygen are formed by putting the _prefix_ **Hydro-** before the root of the name of the characteristic element and adding the _sufffix_ **-ic**.
78
* What are the rules for **Acids** that **_contain_** **Oxygen**?
* If there is only **One** Oxygen Acid, the name is that of the charecterictic element followed by the _suffix_ **-ic**. Thus _**H2CO3** → **Carbon*-ic* Acid**_. * If there are **Two** possible Oxygen Acids, the one with the _greater_ number of oxygen atoms ends in **-ic**, and the one with the _fewest_ number of oxygen atoms ends in **-ous**. Thus [_HN**O3** → Nitr***-ic***Acid_] & [_HNO_**_2 →_** _Nitr_**_-_*_ous_*** _Acid_] * If there are **Sevral** _Oxy-acids_ of an element, the systematic terminology is as follows for the **ClO#** + **H** series: HClO → _Hypochlorous_ Acid ► ( Hypochlorite → _Hypochlorous_ ) HClO**2 →** _Chlorous_ Acid ► ( Chlorite → _Chlorous_ ) HClO**3 →** _Chloric_ Acid ► ( Chlorate → _Chloric_ ) HClO**4 →** _Perchloric_ Acid ► ( Perchlorate → _Perchloric_ ) * **_Note:_** the **-ite** _suffix_ for the related anions becomes **-ous** for the corresponding acid, and the **-ate** _suffix_ of the related anions becomes **-ic** for the corresponding acid.
79
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **HF**
**Hydrofluoric Acid**
80
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **HCl**
**Hydrochloric Acid**
81
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **HBr**
**Hydrobromic Acid**
82
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **HI**
**Hydroiodic Acid**
83
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **HCN**
**Hydrocyanic Acid**
84
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** **H2S**
**Hydrosulfuric Acid**
85
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **CsF**
**Cesium Flouride** _Salt_
86
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **NaCl**
**Sodium Chloride** _Salt_
87
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **FeBr3**
**Ferric Bromide** _Salt_
88
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **MgI2**
**Magnesium Iodide** _Salt_
89
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **KCN**
**Potassium Cyanide** _Salt_
90
* **Name** this compound. * Is it an **Acid** or a **Salt** ## Footnote **CuS**
**Cupric Sulfide** _Salt_
91
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **HCl**
**Hydrochloric Acid**
92
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **HBr**
**Hydrobromic Acid**
93
* **Name** this compound. **H2CO3**
**Carbonic Acid**
94
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **HNO2**
**Nitrous Acid**
95
* **Name** this compound. **HNO3**
**Nitric Acid**
96
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **HClO4**
**Perchloric Acid**
97
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **H2SO3**
**Sulfurous Acid**
98
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **H2SO4**
**Sulfuric Acid**
99
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **H2CrO4**
**Chromic Acid**
100
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **H3PO3**
**Phosphorous Acid**
101
* **Name** this compound. ## Footnote **H3PO4**
**Phosphoric Acid**
102
* **Name** this compound. **C2H4O2**
**Acetic Acid**

Principles of Chemistry (6 decks)

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