Chapter 2: The Human Body in Health and Disease Flashcards
chapter 2: 1/31 (85 cards)
1
Q
aden/o
A
Gland
2
Q
adip/o
A
Fat
3
Q
anter/o
A
Before, Infront
4
Q
Caud/o
A
Lower part of body, Tail
5
Q
Cephal/o
A
Head
6
Q
cyt/o, cyte
A
Cell
7
Q
end, endo
A
in , within, inside
8
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
9
Q
exo
A
out of outside, away from
10
Q
-ologist
A
Specialist
11
Q
-ology
A
The science or study of
12
Q
path/o, pathy
A
disease, suffering, feeling, emotion
13
Q
plas/i, plas/o, -plasia
A
Development, growth, formation
14
Q
Poster/o
A
Behind, toward the back
15
Q
-stasis, -static
A
Control and maintenance of a constant level
16
Q
-ectomy
A
Surgical Removal
17
Q
Carcin
A
Cancer
17
Q
-oma
A
Tumor
18
Q
Malacia
A
Abnormal softening
19
Q
-Sclerosis
A
Abnormal Hardening
20
Q
-ana
A
backwards
21
Q
-plasia
A
formation
22
Q
-anter
A
front or before
23
Q
-ior
A
Pertaining to
24
Abdominal Cavity
Contains the major organs of digestion.
25
Adenectomy
The surgical removal of a gland
26
Adenocarcinoma
any one of a large group of carcinomas derived from glandular tissue
27
Adenoma
A benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue
28
Adenomalacia
The abnormal softening of a gland
29
adenosclerosis
The abnormal hardening of a gland
30
Anaplasia
a change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other
31
anatomy
is the study of the structures of the body
32
anomaly
is the deviation from what is regarded as normal
33
Anterior
Means situated in the front, it also means on the front or forward part of an organ
34
aplasia
is the defective development or the congenital absence of an organ or tissue
35
bloodborne transmission
is the spread of a disease through contact with infected blood or other body fluids that are contaminated by infected blood
36
Caudal
toward the lower part of the body
37
cephalic
toward the head
38
chromosome
is a genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell
39
communicable disease
contagious disease; any condition that is transmitted from one person to another either directly orby indirect contact with contaminated objects
40
congenital disorder
an abnormal condition that exist at the time of birth
41
cytoplasm
the material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus
42
congenital
existing at birth
43
distal
Situated farthest from the mid-line or beginning of a body structure
44
Dorsal
Refers to the back of the organ or body
45
dysplasia
An abnormal development growth of cells, tissues, or organs
46
endemic
Refers to the ongoing, presence of a disease within a population, group or area
47
Exocrine glands
Secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of body such as, sweat glands
48
epidemic
is a sudden and wide spread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area
49
epigastric region
is located above the stomach
50
etiology
is the study if the causes of diseases
51
endocrine glands
release hormones into the bloodstream.
52
functional disorder
Produces symptoms for which no physicological or anatomical cause can be identified
53
Genetic disorder
a pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene
54
geriatrician
a physician who specializes in the care of older people
55
Hemophilia
a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing.
- This Blood coagulation disorder is characterized by spontaneous hemorrhages or severe bleeding following an injury
56
histology
is the microscopic study of the structure, composition and function of tissues
57
homeostasis
Is the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment
58
Hyperplasia
Is the enlargement of an organ or tissues because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissue
59
hypertrophy
A general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size, but not in the number of cells in the tissue
60
hypogastric region
Is located below the stomach
61
Hypoplasia
is the incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells?
62
iatrogenic illness
is an unfavorable response due to the prescribe medical treatment
63
idiopathic disorder
an illness without known cauuse
64
infectious diseas
an illness caused by living pathogenic organisms such as bacteria & viruses
65
inguinal
refers to the entire lower area of the abdomen
66
medial
the direction toward or near, the midline
66
mesentery
is a fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall
67
Midsagittal Plane
also known as the mid line, is the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left & right halves
68
nosocomial infection
is a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
69
pandemic
refers to an outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide
70
Pelvic cavity
is the space formed by the hip bones and contains the organs of the reproductive and excretory system
71
peritoneum
is a multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity
72
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
73
phenylketonuria
a rare genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing
74
physiology
is the study of the functions of the structure of the body
75
posterior
situated in the back. it also means on the back part of an organ
76
Proximal
situated nearest the midline or beginning of the body structure
77
retroperitoneal
located behind the peritoneum
78
STEM cells
are unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves for long periods of time by cell division
79
Thoracic cavity
(Chest cavity or thorax); surround and protect the heart and the lungs
80
Transverse plane
Is a horizontal plan that divides the body into superior(upper) & inferior (lower) portions
- waist line area
81
Vector-borne transmission
Is the spread of a certain disease due to the bite of a vector.
ex. insects, rodents, etc.
82
umbilicus
Navel, belly button. This pit in the center of the abdominal wall marks the point where the umbilical cord was attached before birth
83
Ventral
refers to the front or belly side of the organ or body.
