Chapter 2 Vocab Flashcards
(32 cards)
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It’s a basic unit particle of matter that forms a chemical element.
Atom
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A positively/neutral/negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free.
Proton/Neutron/Electron
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A simple substance is made up of the same number of protons and cannot be broken down any further through chemical reactions.
Element
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It’s one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table and nearly identical chemical behavior but with different atomic masses and physical properties.
Isotope
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A substance made from two or more different elements that have been chemically joined.
Compound
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A chemical bond formed from the attraction that occurs between ions with opposite charges.
Ionic Bond
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An atom or group of atoms in which the number of electrons is different from the number of protons.
Ion
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the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.
Covalent Bond
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This bond is an attraction between two atoms that already participate in other chemical bonds with one of the atoms being hydrogen.
Hydrogen Bond
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When molecules stick to other alike molecules.
Cohesion
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When molecules stick to other, unlike molecules.
Adhesion
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A solution is a mix consisting of a solute dissolved into a solvent (medicine). The solute is the substance that is being dissolved (pill), while the solvent is the dissolving medium (water).
Solution, Solute, Solvent.
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They’re mixed substances that haven’t completely dissolved and can be filtered out while the others are the opposite.
Mixture vs Solution
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a mixture where a solid particle does not dissolve in a liquid solution.
Suspension
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It’s a measure of how acidic/basic water is or can be said to be the measure of hydrogen ion concentration. 0-6 is acidic, 7 is neutral, and 8-14 is basic.
pH scale
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They’re small molecules, that can join with other similar molecules to form polymers.
Monomers
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It’s a larger molecule that is formed by the combination of many smaller molecules/monomers, of the same kind.
Polymers
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Quick/Main source of energy.
Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
The monomer is Monosachyride or Glucose.
Carbohydrates
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The backup storage for energy.
Made of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.
Monomers are Glycerol and Fatty Acids.
Lipids
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Serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells.
Made of a nitrogenous base, phosphate group, and sugar molecules.
Monomers are called nucleotides
Nucleic Acid
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They serve as building blocks for Nucleic Acids or DNA/RNA.
Nucleotides
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Used for building tissues and muscles, enzymes, immune function, and energy.
Made of Amine Group and Carboxyl Group.
Monomers are Amino Acids.
Protein
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Makes up proteins.
a central carbon atom linked together with a basic amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydrogen atom, an R-group, or a side-chain group.
Amino Acids
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It happens when one or more chemicals are changed into one or more other chemicals.
Chemical Reaction
