Chapter 2 Vocab

Question 1

articulatory description

Answer 1

the description of the motion of positioning of the parts of the vocal chords that are responsible for the production of a speech sound

Question 2

alveolar

Answer 2

sound produced by raising the front of the tongue toward the alveolar ridge

Question 3

affricate

Answer 3

sound produced by complete obstruction of the airflow followed by a slight release of the obstruction, allowing frication

Question 4

aspiration

Answer 4

a puff of air that follows the release of a consonant when there is a delay in the onset of voicing

Question 5

diphthong

Answer 5

a complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vocal organs

Question 6

edge tones

Answer 6

a change in fundamental frequency at the end of a phrase

Question 7

pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism

Answer 7

airstream mechanism that produces speech sounds by modifying the stream of air forced out of the lungs and passed through the oral and/or nasal cavities

Question 8

fricative

Answer 8

sounds made by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the airstream so that when air passes through the small passage, turbulent airflow is produced

Question 9

glottis

Answer 9

the space between the vocal folds

Question 10

nasalized vowels

Answer 10

vowel produced while lowering the velum to allow air to pass through the nasal cavity

Question 11

stress

Answer 11

a property of syllables; a stressed syllable is more prominent than an unstressed one, due to having greater loudness, longer duration, different pitch , or full vowels

Question 12

spectrogram

Answer 12

a three-dimensional representation of sound in which the vertical axis represents frequency, the horizontal axis represents time, and the darkness of shading represents amplitude

Question 13

semivowel (glide)

Answer 13

sound produced with a constriction in the vocal tract that is only slightly more constricted than that of vowels

Question 14

periodic wave

Answer 14

sound wave that repeats itself at regular intervals

Question 15

retroflex

Answer 15

sound produced by curling the tip of the tongue back behind the alveolar ridge usually to the top of the mouth

Question 16

vowel space

Answer 16

range of possible vowel sounds of a language from the high front vowel to the high back vowel; languages and dialects choose a subset of possibilities in the vowel space but do not exploit all possibilities

Question 17

vocal folds

Answer 17

folds in the muscle in the larynx responsible for creating voiced sounds when they vibrate

Question 18

palatal

Answer 18

sound made by raising the body of the tongue toward the hard part of the roof of the mouth

Question 19

sagittal section

Answer 19

a cross section of the human head, designed to show a side view of the vocal anatomy

Question 20

velar

Answer 20

sound produced by raising the back of the tongue toward the velum