Chapter 2 Vocabulary Flashcards
(22 cards)
Biconditional Statement
Statement containing the phrase “if and only if”
Counterexample
Specific case for which the conjecture is false
If-Then Form
“If” contains hypothesis
“Then” contains conclusion
Conditional Statement
Logical statement made up of a hypothesis and conclusion
Perpendicular Lines
When two lines intersect to form a right angle
Conjecture
An unproven statement that is based only on observations
Deductive Reasoning
Uses facts, definitions, accepted properties, and the laws of logic to form a logical argument
Inductive Reasoning
When you find a pattern in specific cases, and then write a conjecture for the general case
Negation
The opposite of the original statement
Equivalent Statements
When two statements are both true, or both false
Contrapositive
Converse, then negate a conditional statement
Inverse
Negate both hypothesis and conclusion
Converse
Exchange of the hypothesis and conclusion
Laws of Logic
Law of Detachment: If the hypothesis is true, then the conclusion is true
Law of Syllogism: If a=b and b=c then a=c
Line Perpendicular to a Plane
A line that intersects the plane in a point and is perpendicular to every line in the plane that intersects it at that point
Postulate
Rules that are accepted without proof
Equation
statement of an equality containing one or more variables
Solve an Equation
Use properties of real numbers
Proof
Logical argument that shows a statement is true
Two-Column Proof
Numbered statements and corresponding reasons that show an argument in a logical order
Theorem
Statement that can be proven
Linear Pair
Two adjacent angles whose noncommon sides are opposite rays
