Chapter 20

Question 1

What does CBC stand for?

Answer 1

Complete Blood Count

Question 2

What are the 5 types of WBCs?

Answer 2

Basophil, Eosinophil, Monocyte, Neutrophil, Lympocyte

Question 3

What are the three most important things we need to pay attention to for RBCs according to Dr. Evans?

Answer 3

Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Platlets

Question 4

What is the typical number of WBCs?

Answer 4

5-10K

Question 5

What is the typical number of RBCs?

Answer 5

4.5-5.5 Million

Question 6

WBC count well under 5,000 is a sign that the patient has?

Answer 6

A weakened immune system

Question 7

WBC count well above 10,000 is a sign of?

Answer 7

Infection

Question 8

What is a WBC count under 5,000 referred to as?

Answer 8

Leukopnea

Question 9

What is a WBC count over 10,000 referred to as?

Answer 9

Leukocytosis

Question 10

What do RBCs do?

Answer 10

Transport oxygen through the body and CO2 out of the body

Question 11

RBC count under 4.5 million is referred to as?

Answer 11

anemia

Question 12

RBC count over 5.5 million is referred to as?

Answer 12

polycythemia

Question 13

The protein that helps carry oxygen in RBCs is called?

Answer 13

Hemoglobin

Question 14

RBCs compared to total blood volume is referred to as?

Answer 14

Hematocrit

Question 15

What is the average hemoglobin in a male?

Answer 15

14-18g/dL

Question 16

What is the average hemoglobin in a female?

Answer 16

12-16g/dL

Question 17

What is the normal hematocrit level in a male?

Answer 17

42-52%

Question 18

What is the normal hematocrit level in a female?

Answer 18

37-47%

Question 19

Platelets contribute to the _____ of blood

Answer 19

clotting

Question 20

A low platelet count is referred to as ____ and puts patients at a risk of bleeding out.

Answer 20

thrombocytopenia

Question 21

A high platelet count is referred to as ______ and puts the patient at a risk of clots

Answer 21

thrombocytosis

Question 22

The normal range of platelets is?

Answer 22

150-450,000

Question 23

A patient has redness around the site of an IV. Would this be an example of local or systemic?

Answer 23

Local

Question 24

The body develops antibodies to infection by being exposed to them at school or daycare. This is which kind of immunity?

Answer 24

Active

Question 25

A parent takes their child for their regular immunizations. This is which kind of immunity?

Answer 25

Passive

Question 26

You had chicken pox when you were four and now you have developed what kind of immunity towards it?

Answer 26

specific

Question 27

A newborn is breastfed by their mother and antibodies pass from the milk to the baby. What immunity is this?

Answer 27

Passive

Question 28

Covering your mouth when you cough or sneeze is referred to as ______ ______

Answer 28

Respiratory hygiene

Question 29

Procedures that decrease potential for spread of infection in a clinical environment is referred to as?

Answer 29

Medical asepsis

Question 30

Classify the duration: A common cold that comes and goes in the course of 2 weeks.

Answer 30

Acute

Question 31

Classify the duration: An infection that presents itself slowly and can last for weeks, months or even years.

Answer 31

Chronic

Question 32

Classify the duration: HIV that has been present in the body for years but suddenly the pt shows S&S

Answer 32

Latent

Question 33

What are the 6 links in the chain of infection?

Answer 33

1. Pathogens 2. Reservoir 3. Portal of Exit 4. Mode of transmission 5. Portal of Entry 6. Susceptible Host

Question 34

What is the source of infection where pathogens can live and multiply?

Answer 34

Reservoir

Question 35

In human or animal reservoirs the most frequent _______________ is via bodily fluids.

Answer 35

Portal of Exit

Question 36

Direct contact, indirect contact, droplet, airborne and vector are all examples of?

Answer 36

Mode of transmission

Question 37

Normal body openings create _________ for pathogens to enter the body.

Answer 37

portals of entry

Question 38

A person who is at risk of infection because of inadequate defense is referred to as a _______

Answer 38

Susceptible host

Question 39

A patient comes into urgent care with an ear ache and is diagnosed with an ear infection. After taking the prescribed antibiotics they develop a UTI. What would the UTI be referred to as?

Answer 39

Secondary infection

Question 40

A frail client infected with pneumonia may develop shingles (herpes zoster, a viral infection related to past infection with varicella) related to the stress of illness. This would be an example of?

Answer 40

Secondary infection

Question 41

List the order in which you would put on PPE

Answer 41

Gown, mask, face shield, gloves

Question 42

List the order in which you would remove PPE?

Answer 42

Gloves, gown, face shield, mask

Question 43

After removing PPE what should you do next?

Answer 43

Wash your hands

Question 44

What is promoted by a clean environment, clean hands and following CDC guidelines?

Answer 44

Medical asepsis