Chapter 2.0

Question 1

A “true” cell
Has organelles surrounded by a cell membrane
Can be single or mulitcellular.
What type of cell is this? List three examples.

Answer 1

Eukaryotic
Amobea
Animal cell
Plant cell

Question 2

A protective barrier, which only allows certain materials to be transported

Answer 2

Cell membrane

Question 3

Cell membrane is important for.

Answer 3

Cell interaction
Cell communication
Recognition of molecules

Question 4

The command centre of the cell
Contains DNA as well as directs cellular communication
Surrounded by —- envelope which allows for the transport of materials

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Gel-like
Surrounds all organelles
The movement inside is known as —–

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Known as cytoplasmic streaming

Question 6

Rigid frame around a cell

The support, or the strength

Answer 6

Cell wall

Question 7

Contains chlorophyll

Where photosynthesis is performed

Answer 7

Chloroplasts

Question 8

The formula for photosynthesis is…

Answer 8

6h2o+6co2->c6+h12+o6+ 6o2

Question 9

Storage

Product of secretion and fat

Answer 9

Vacuoles

Question 10

When water enters the _______ the _______ pressure increases. ( causing the cell to swell)

Answer 10

Vacuoles

Turgid pressure

Question 11

Interconnected small tubes branch from the nuclear envelope, the highways of the cell.

Answer 11

Endoplasmic Recticulum

Question 12

Ep responsible for protein synthesis, ribosomes are attached.

Answer 12

Rough endoplasmic recticulum

Question 13

A simple cell without a nucleus
No membrane organelles are present
There is a dark concentration of DNA known as the nucleoid region
A single celled organism.
What type of cell is this, provide two examples.

Answer 13

Prokaryotic

• bacteria
• algae

Question 14

Ep responsible for the production of oils and fats.

Answer 14

Smooth endoplasmic Recticulum

Question 15

Dense granules
Attached to endoplasmic recticulum or loose in the cytoplasm
Where amino acids are formed into proteins ( this is known as protein synthesis)

Answer 15

Ribosomes

Question 16

Membrane bound sacs which digest
What are the three d’s
Once the cell dies they self destruct.

Answer 16

Lysosomes
Digest
Defend
Destroy

Question 17

Flat disc shaped sacs involved in secretion

Receives from the endoplasmic recticulum packages for transport outside of the cell

Answer 17

Golgi Apparatus

Question 18

The power house of the cell.
Rod-like structure
Coverts chemical energy to sugars to energy (atp)

Answer 18

Mitochondria

Question 19

What is the formula for cellular respiration

Answer 19

C6 012 c6 + 6o2 -> 6 co2 + 6 h2o + energy

Question 20

Carbon
Hydrogen 
Oxygen 
Nitrogen 
Are all considered....

Answer 20

Elements

Question 21

Lipid
Carbohydrate 
Protein 
Nucleic acid 
Are all known as...

Answer 21

Compounds

Question 22

List four trace elements

Answer 22

Zinc
Maganese
Magnesium
Iron

Question 23

Phospholipid by layer is….

Answer 23

The plasma membrane

It has two segments with space in between

Question 24

List the particle model of matter

Answer 24

All matter is made up of particles of different shapes and sizes
Particles are always in brownian motion
Particles are attracted to each other, bonds of varying space
Matter is mostly composed of empty space and the space between may be occupied by particles of other substances

Question 25

High to low passive transport no energy required What is diffusion affected by

Answer 25

Defusion | Affected by agitation temperature and concentration gradient

Question 26

Selectively permeable barrier based on size and shape electrical charge and lipid solution

Answer 26

Plasma membrane

Question 27

Some molecules does fuse directly across the _________. Example: In ______. Out ______.

Answer 27

Across the membrane | Oxygen in and carbon dioxide out

Question 28

Molecules passing membrane without any additional energy required. No energy is required since it flows down the concentration gradient

Answer 28

Passive transport

Question 29

Low to high Involving water Passive Hypotonic to hypertonic

Answer 29

Osmosis

Question 30

Hypertonic solution

Answer 30

Shrink and shrivel up this is known as creation

Question 31

Hypotonic solution

Answer 31

Expand and explode this is known as cytolysis

Question 32

This is passive. High to low Controlled by special proteins in the membrane

Answer 32

This is known as Facilitated diffusion

Question 33

Membrane pumps Low to high this is up the gradient This is active and requires additional energy (adenosine triphosphate)

Answer 33

Active transport

Question 34

Bringing in | Requires additional energy

Answer 34

This is known as endocytosis

Question 35

List the process of endocytosis

Answer 35

Molecules bind with the receptor molecules on the surface, then taken into the cell as a vesicle, receptors decide if the molecules must be destroyed or taken in, the vacuole/vesicles are formed

Question 36

Active Taking waste out Provide two examples

Answer 36

Exocytosis | Examples include hormones and enzymes

Question 37

Mimic the cellular membrane of cells Steps Receptors bind to molecules bringing into cell by endocytosis This is how new drugs are formed

Answer 37

Membrane technologies

Question 38

Produce a lock and key and attached to four and proteins example like the bomb squad

Answer 38

This is known as membrane proteins with disease

Question 39

Liposomes mimic cell membrane When you inject DNA into tumor cells

Answer 39

Synthetic membrane technology

Question 40

Treats kidney failure and detoxes only the kidney

Answer 40

Dialysis

Question 41

Blood dialysis, no movement allowed during treatment, and artificial membrane cleanses the blood

Answer 41

Hemodialysis

Question 42

A full body detox, waste passes through the membrane into the abdominal cavity then is released into a fluid

Answer 42

Peritonal dialysis

Question 43

High to low, requires ATP, remove the salt from salt water and uses pumps

Answer 43

Reverse osmosis

Question 44

A small cell will have______ efficiency than a _______ cell

Answer 44

A greater efficiency | Then a large cell

Question 45

This can be increased by, list three examples

Answer 45

Elogation (root hairs) Folding surfaces (fish gills) Projections

Question 46

Calculating surface area/volume

Answer 46

Scale ________ Real