Chapter 20 - Important Slides

Question 1

What is radiology?

Answer 1

Medical speciality concerned with the study of x-rays and other technologies to produce and interpret images of the human body for diagnosis of disease

Question 2

What is x-rays?

Answer 2

Invisible waves of energy

Question 3

Nuclear medicine

Answer 3

Uses radioactive substances in the diagnosis of disease

Question 4

What are the 3 types of radioactivity?

Answer 4

Alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays

Question 5

What is a radiologist?

Answer 5

MD (doctor) who reads x-rays and determines radiation therapy dosing

Question 6

What is a nuclear physician?

Answer 6

MD (doctor) who reads and orders radionuclide scans

Question 7

What is a radiographer?

Answer 7

Person who is skilled in x-ray records. And aids in administrating diagnostic x-ray procedures.

Question 8

What is a nuclear medicine technologists?

Answer 8

Helps patients undergo nuclear medicine procedure, and operates devices under the direction of nuclear physician

Question 9

What is are sonographers?

Answer 9

Perform ultrasound procedures

Question 10

What is the characteristic of a substance if it permits passage of most x-rays?

Answer 10

Radiolucent

Question 11

What is radiopaque?

Answer 11

Substances (such as bone) that absorbs most x-rays

Question 12

What is the importance of barium sulfate?

Answer 12

1. A radiopaque substance used as contrast material for contrast studies.
2. Used for examination of upper and lower GI tract

Question 13

What is a double-contrast study?

Answer 13

The usage of both radiopaque and radiolucent contrast medium

Question 14

What are the diagnostic techniques used by X-rays?

Answer 14

1. Contrast studies
2. Computed tomography (CT scans)
3. Fluoroscopy
4. Conventional x-ray studies

Question 15

What is the diagnostic technique that is used for ultrasound?

Answer 15

Ultrasonography

Question 16

What is the diagnostic technique used for magnetic and radio waves?

Answer 16

MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Question 17

What is radioactivity in nuclear medicine?

Answer 17

Energy in the form of particles or rays coming from the interior of a substance

Question 18

What is radionuclide/radioisotopes?

Answer 18

A substance that gives off high-energy particles or rays as it disintegrates.

Question 19

What is the importance of Technetium-99m?

Answer 19

1. It is a pure gamma emitter that has a half life of 6 hours
2. Most frequently used radionuclide

Question 20

What are the two types of test used by nuclear medicine physician to diagnosis diseases?

Answer 20

1. In vitro = in the test tube

2. In vivo = in the body

Question 21

What does the in vitro procedure involve? (!!!)

Answer 21

Analysis of blood and urine using radioactive chemicals

Question 22

What is radioimmunoassay (RIA)? (!!!)

Answer 22

1. An in vitro procedure that uses radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect hormones and drugs in the patient’s blood
2. Example: Digitalis detection, hypothyroidism

Question 23

What does in vivo procedure involve?

Answer 23

Radioactive substance given directly to patient to evaluate organ function or image

Question 24

Radiopharmaceutical (!!!)

Answer 24

1. Radioactive drug (radionuclide plus drug or chemical) that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
2. Concentrates in a certain organ to be imaged.

Question 25

Scintiscanner

Answer 25

Also known as the gamma camera. Used to determine the distribution and localization of the radiopharmaceutical in various organs, tissues, and fluids.

Question 26

What is uptake?

Answer 26

Rate of absorption of radioactive substance (radiopharmaceutical) into organs or tissue.