Chapter 20 Reproductive System

Question 1

What are gametes?

Answer 1

Gametes are specialized reproductive or sex cells.

Question 2

What is the ultimate function of the reproductive systems?

Answer 2

The ultimate function of the reproductive system is to transmit our genes into a new generation, ensuring that our genetic information continues after we are gone.

Question 3

What is the name of the male gonads?

Answer 3

Testes

Question 4

In what specific structures of the gonad are the sperm produced?

Answer 4

Seminiferous tubules

Question 5

What hormone is produced in the male gonad?

Answer 5

Testosterone

Question 6

What duct leads from the epididymis?

Answer 6

Vas deferens

Question 7

Which organs produce the fluid in semen?

Answer 7

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands

Question 8

What is the function of erectile tissues?

Answer 8

To allow entry and deposition of sperm into the vagina

Question 9

What is the name of the female gonads?

Answer 9

Ovaries

Question 10

Where are the female glands located?

Answer 10

Attached to ligaments in the pelvic cavity on each side of the uterus

Question 11

What is oogenesis?

Answer 11

The production of female gametes or sex cells

Question 12

What hormones are produced by the female gonads?

Answer 12

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 13

What is another name for uterine tubes?

Answer 13

Fallopian tubes

Question 14

What three major functions the uterus performs?

Answer 14

Menstruation, pregnancy, and labor

Question 15

What substance is conducted through lactiferous ducts?

Answer 15

Breast milk

Question 16

Which female structure is made of erectile tissue?

Answer 16

Clitoris

Question 17

What is another name for menses?

Answer 17

Menstrual flow or menarche

Question 18

Which hormone reaches a high peak just before ovulation?

Answer 18

Luteinizing hormone

Question 19

Organs of the reproductive system can be classified as:
a.
essential and nonessential.
b.
nonessential and accessory.
c.
essential and accessory.
d.
accessory and nonaccessory.

Answer 19

c.

essential and accessory.

Question 20

In both sexes, the essential organs of reproduction that produce the gametes are called:
a.
testes.
b.
ovaries.
c.
genitals.
d.
gonads.

Answer 20

d.

gonads.

Question 21

A tough, white, fibrous membrane called the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ surrounds each testis.
a.
gonad
b.
epididymis
c.
bulbourethral gland
d.
tunica albuginea

Answer 21

d.

tunica albuginea

Question 22

Why is the scrotum located outside the body?
a.
It provides an environment about 1° C warmer than normal body temperature.
b.
It provides an environment about 1° C cooler than normal body temperature.
c.
It is better protected from internal bacterial infection.
d.
It provides an environment similar to the internal body.

Answer 22

b.

It provides an environment about 1° C cooler than normal body temperature.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a function of testosterone?
a.
It masculinizes.
b.
It promotes and maintains the development of male accessory organs.
c.
It has a stimulating effect on protein anabolism.
d.
It has a stimulating effect on protein catabolism.

Answer 23

d.

It has a stimulating effect on protein catabolism.

Question 24

The mixture of sperm and the secretions of the accessory organs or glands is called
a.
seminal vesicles.
b.
semen.
c.
ejaculation.
d.
ovum.

Answer 24

b.

semen.

Question 25

``` What is the structure that connects the epididymis with the ejaculatory duct? a. Cowper’s gland b. urethra c. vas deferens d. seminal vesicle ```

Answer 25

c. | vas deferens

Question 26

``` The prostate secretes a thin alkaline substance that constitutes about a. 20% of the seminal fluid volume. b. 10% of the seminal fluid volume. c. 60% of the seminal fluid volume. d. 30% of the seminal fluid volume. ```

Answer 26

d. | 30% of the seminal fluid volume.

Question 27

``` The mucus-like secretions of this gland contribute less than 5% of the seminal fluid volume. a. prostate b. bulbourethral c. seminal vesicle d. urethra ```

Answer 27

b. | bulbourethral

Question 28

``` The essential organ of reproduction in women is the: a. uterus. b. ovary. c. vagina. d. all are essential organs of reproduction. ```

Answer 28

b. | ovary.

Question 29

``` During a woman’s lifetime, how many primary follicles fully develop into mature follicles? a. 100-250 b. 250-350 c. 350-500 d. 500-750 ```

Answer 29

c. | 350-500

Question 30

``` The production of female gametes is called a. spermatogenesis. b. ovogenesis. c. menses. d. oogenesis. ```

Answer 30

d. | oogenesis.

Question 31

What are the two functions of the ovaries? a. oogenesis and secretion of estrogen b. oogenesis and secretion of progesterone c. oogenesis and secretion of estrogen and luteinizing hormone d. oogenesis and secretion of estrogen and progesterone

Answer 31

d. | oogenesis and secretion of estrogen and progesterone

Question 32

``` The movement of the ovum through the uterine tubes is facilitated by a. flagellated action. b. muscular action. c. a fluid secretion. d. ciliary action. ```

Answer 32

d. | ciliary action.

Question 33

``` The small organ that is made of erectile tissue and is located just behind the anterior junction of the labia minora is called the a. vaginal orifice. b. labia majora. c. greater vestibular glands. d. clitoris. ```

Answer 33

d. | clitoris.

Question 34

``` The menstrual cycle is divided into the following phases except a. menses. b. proliferative phase. c. menopause. d. secretory phase. ```

Answer 34

c. | menopause.

Question 35

``` The two hormones that are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and influence the female reproductive cycle are a. prolactin and estrogen. b. estrogen and progesterone. c. FSH and LH. d. FSH and estrogen. ```

Answer 35

c. | FSH and LH.

Question 36

``` The development of the fetus in a location other than the uterus is called a(n) a. episiotomy. b. ectopic pregnancy. c. ovarian pregnancy. d. fallopian pregnancy. ```

Answer 36

b. | ectopic pregnancy.

Question 37

``` Failure to have a menstrual period is called a. menorrhea. b. amenorrhea. c. menses. d. luteinization. ```

Answer 37

b. | amenorrhea.

Question 38

``` Birth control pills that contain estrogen act to suppress what hormone? a. LH b. progesterone c. FSH d. Estrogen ```

Answer 38

c. | FSH