Chapter 20 Vocab

Question 1

Oncologist

Answer 1

physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer. there are many subspecialties of oncologists, including medical oncologists, surgical oncologists, pediatric oncologists, and radiation oncologists; their titles are self-explanatory

Question 2

Oncology Clinical Nurse Specialist

Answer 2

registered nurses with advanced clinical practice in the care of cancer patients

Question 3

Oncology Social Workers

Answer 3

have master’s degree in medical social work and provide for the social and emotional needs of cancer patients and their families

Question 4

Benign
(bee-NINE)

Answer 4

denoting the nonmalignant character of a neoplasm or illness

Latin - kind

Question 5

Cancer
(KAN-ser)

Answer 5

general term for a malignant neoplasm

Latin - crab

Question 6

Cancerous
(KAN-ser-us)

Answer 6

pertaining to a malignant neoplasm

Cancer cancer
-ous pertaining to

Question 7

Infiltrate
(IN-fil-trate)

Answer 7

to penetrate and invade a tissue or cell

In- in
Filtr strain through
-ate composed of

Question 8

Infiltration
(in-fil-TRAY-shun)

Answer 8

the invasion into a tissue or cell

In- in
Filtr strain through
-ation process

Question 9

Malignant
(mah-LIG-nant)

Answer 9

capable of invading surrounding tissues and metastasizing to distant organs

Latin - hurtful

Question 10

Malignancy
(mah-LIG-nan-see)

Answer 10

tumor that invades surrounding tissues and metastasizes to distant organs

Malign cancer
-ancy state

Question 11

Metastasis / Metastases
(meh-TAS-tah-sis) (meh-TAS-tah-seez)

Answer 11

spread of disease from one part of the body to another

Meta- after, beyond
Stasis stay in one place

Question 12

Metastatic
(meh-tah-STAT-ik)

Answer 12

able to metastasize

Meta- after, beyond
Stat stand still
-ic pertaining to

Question 13

Mutation
(myu-TAY-shun)

Answer 13

a change in the chemistry of a gene that is continued in subsequent divisions of the cell

Muta genetic change
-tion process

Question 14

Mutagen
(MYU-tah-jen)

Answer 14

agent that produces a mutation in a gene

Muta genetic change
-gen produce

Question 15

Neoplasm
(NEE-oh-plazm)

Answer 15

a new growth, either a benign or a malignant tumor

Neo- new
Plasm to form

Question 16

Neoplastic
(NEE-oh-PLAS-tic)

Answer 16

pertaining to a neoplasm

Neo- new
Plas to from
-tic pertaining to

Question 17

Neoplasia
(NEE-oh-PLAY-zee-ah)

Answer 17

process that results in formation of a tumor

Neo- new
Plas molding, formation
-ia growth

Question 18

Oncology
(on-KOL-oh-jee)

Answer 18

the science dealing with cancer

Onc/o tumor
-logy study of

Question 19

Oncologist
(on-KOL-oh-jist)

Answer 19

medical specialist in oncology

Onc/o tumor
-logist one who studies, specialist

Question 20

Proliferate
(proh-LIF-eh-rate)

Answer 20

to increase in number through reproduction

Prol/i bear offspring
Fer to bear
-ate composed of, pertaining to

Question 21

Tumor
(TOO-mor)

Answer 21

any abnormal swelling

Latin - swelling

Question 22

Carcinoma

Answer 22

Epithelial

Cervical cancer, stomach cancer, squamous cell skin cancer, lung cancer

Question 23

Sarcoma

Answer 23

Connective tissue, bone, cartilage, muscle

Osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 24

Leukemia

Answer 24

Blood-forming tissues

Acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia

Question 25

Lymphoma

Answer 25

Lymph nodes Hodgkin disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 26

Melanoma

Answer 26

Melanocytes (pigment producing skin cells) Malignant melanoma

Question 27

Adenocarcinoma (AD-eh-noh-kar-sih-NOH-mah)

Answer 27

a cancer arising from glandular epithelial cells Aden/o gland Carcin cancer -oma tumor

Question 28

Carcinoma (kar-sih-NOH-mah)

Answer 28

a malignant and invasive epithelial tumor Carcin cancer -oma tumor

Question 29

Carcinoma In Situ (kar-sih-NOH-mah IN SIGH-tyu)

Answer 29

(CIS) carcinoma that has not invaded surrounding tissues Carcin cancer -oma tumor In Situ Latin - in its place

Question 30

Chondrosarcoma (KON-droh-sar-KOH-mah)

Answer 30

cancer arising from cartilage cells Chondr/o cartilage -sarc flesh -oma tumor

Question 31

Leukemia (loo-KEE-mee-ah)

Answer 31

disease in which the blood is taken over by white blood cells and their precursors Leuk white -emia blood condition

Question 32

Lymphoma (lim-FOH-mah)

Answer 32

any neoplasm of lymphatic tissue Lymph lymph -oma tumor

Question 33

Melanoma (MEL-ah-NOH-mah)

Answer 33

malignant neoplasm formed from cells that produce melanin Melan black -oma tumor, mass

Question 34

Mesothelioma (MEEZ-oh-thee-lee-OH-mah)

Answer 34

cancer arising from the cells lining the pleura or peritoneum Meso- middle Theli lining -oma tumor

Question 35

Osteosarcoma (OS-tee-oh-sar-KOH-mah)

Answer 35

cancer arising in bone-forming cells Oste/o bone Sarc flesh -oma tumor

Question 36

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RAB-doh-MY-oh-sar-KOH-mah)

Answer 36

cancer derived from skeletal muscle Rhabd/o rod shaped, striated My/o muscle Sarc flesh -oma tumor

Question 37

Sarcoma (sar-KOH-mah)

Answer 37

a malignant tumor originating in connective tissue Sarc flesh -oma tumor

Question 38

Apoptosis (AP-op-TOH-sis)

Answer 38

programmed normal cell death Apo- separation from -ptosis drooping

Question 39

Carcinogen (kar-SIN-oh-jen)

Answer 39

cancer-producing agent Carcin/o cancer -gen produce

Question 40

Carcinogenic (KAR-sin-oh-JEN-ik)

Answer 40

causing cancer Carcin/o cancer -gen produce -ic pertaining to

Question 41

Carcinogenesis (KAR-sin-oh-JEN-eh-sis)

Answer 41

origin and development of cancer Carcin/o cancer -genesis creation

Question 42

Oncogene (ONG-koh-jeen)

Answer 42

one of a family of genes involved in cell growth that work in concert to cause cancer Onc/o tumor -gene producer, give birth

Question 43

Oncogenic (ONG-koh-JEN-ik)

Answer 43

capable of producing a neoplasm Onc/o tumor -genic creation, producing

Question 44

Protooncogene (pro-toh-ONG-koh-jeen)

Answer 44

a normal gene involved in normal cell growth Proto- first Onc/o tumor -gene producer, give birth

Question 45

Particle (PAR-tih-kul)

Answer 45

a small piece of matter Latin - little piece

Question 46

Particulate (par-TIK-you-let)

Answer 46

relating to a fine particle Particul little piece -ate composed of, pertaining to

Question 47

Pesticide (PES-tih-side)

Answer 47

agent for destroying flies, mosquitoes, and other pests Pest/i pest -cide to kill

Question 48

Pollution (poh-LOO-shun)

Answer 48

condition that is unclean, impure, and a danger to health Latin - dirty

Question 49

Biomarker (BI-oh-MARK-er)

Answer 49

a biological marker or product by which a cell can be identified Bi/o life Marker sign

Question 50

Bronchoalveolar (BRONG-koh-al-VEE-oh-lar)

Answer 50

pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli Bronch/o bronchus Alveol alveolus -ar pertaining to

Question 51

Bronchoscope (BRONG-koh-scope)

Answer 51

endoscope used for bronchoscopy Bronch/o bronchus -scope instrument for viewing

Question 52

Bronchoscopy (brong-KOS-koh-pee)

Answer 52

examination of the interior of the tracheobronchial tree with an endoscope Bronch/o bronchus -scopy to examine

Question 53

Fluoroscopy (flor-OS-koh-pee)

Answer 53

examination of the structure of the body by x-rays Fluor/o x-ray beam -scopy to examine

Question 54

Hyperfractionated (high-per-FRAK-shun-ay-ted)

Answer 54

given in smaller amounts and more frequently Hyper- excessive Fraction small amount -ated process

Question 55

Clone (KLOHN)

Answer 55

a colony of organisms or cells all having identical genetic constitutions Greek - cutting used for propagation

Question 56

Monoclonal (MON-oh-KLOH-nal)

Answer 56

derived from a protein from a single cell clone of cells, all molecules of which are the same Mono- one Clon cutting used for propagation -al pertaining to