Chapter 21

Question 1

Massive growth in cities

Answer 1

Urbanization

Question 2

Identical machine made parts

Answer 2

Interchangeable parts

Question 3

System of government which government actions benefit the majority

Answer 3

Utilitarianism

Question 4

Land, labor, capital

Answer 4

Factors of production

Question 5

Process in which one person is trained to do one job

Answer 5

Division of labor

Question 6

No government intervention in the economy

Answer 6

Laissez Faire

Question 7

Period of time in which manpower was replaced by machine power

Answer 7

Industrial revolution

Question 8

Training to do a specific job

Answer 8

Specialization

Question 9

Economic system based off of private industry

Answer 9

Capitalism

Question 10

Government in which the people own and operate everything

Answer 10

Communism

Question 11

Process of producing large numbers of identical goods

Answer 11

Mass production

Question 12

Government owns and operates all production

Answer 12

Socialism

Question 13

Process of mass producing goods based on specialization

Answer 13

Assembly line

Question 14

British economist who advocated Laissez Faire economics

Answer 14

Adam Smith

Question 15

What are three things that brought on the agricultural revolution?

Answer 15

New technology
Crop rotation
Enclosure movement

Question 16

What was the enclosure movement?

Answer 16

Wealthy farmers bought all the land

Question 17

What are four reasons why the industrial revolution happened in England?

Answer 17

Factors of production
Expanding economy
Stable political climate
Natural resources

Question 18

What was the first industry in England that was affected by the industrial revolution?

Answer 18

Textile industry

Question 19

How did the invention of the steam engine affect transportation methods?

Answer 19

Decreased transportation times

Question 20

What are six ways the industrial revolution changed cities?

Answer 20

Urbanization
Poor sanitation
Increased price on goods
Standard of living increased
No safety precautions
Leisure activities

Question 21

What characteristic defined the upper class in the industrial revolution?

Answer 21

Factory owners

Question 22

What characteristic defined the middle class in the industrial revolution?

Answer 22

White-collar jobs

Question 23

What characteristic defined the working class in the industrial revolution?

Answer 23

Blue-collar jobs

Question 24

What were six effects of the industrial revolution?

Answer 24

Nations became richer
Created jobs
Technological innovations
Standard of living increased
Creation of unions
Increased education

Question 25

How did the industrial revolution come to America?

Answer 25

Samuel Slater brought factory and machine ideas to America

Question 26

What were three where is America improved the industrial revolution?

Answer 26

Interchangeable parts Assembly line Division of labor

Question 27

What was the three natural laws that Adam Smith said the economy ran off of?

Answer 27

Self interest Supply and demand Competition

Question 28

What was the purpose of private industry in capitalism?

Answer 28

To make profits and invest

Question 29

What were five new government ideas came from the industrial revolution?

Answer 29

Utilitarianism Communism Anarchism Socialism Utopian society

Question 30

What phrase sums up utilitarianism?

Answer 30

The greatest good for the greatest amount of people

Question 31

What were two characteristics of socialism?

Answer 31

No private industry Equality

Question 32

What was the goal of the utopian society?

Answer 32

Perfect society

Question 33

What was the purpose of communism?

Answer 33

To create equality because there were no social classes