Chapter 21 Flashcards by Julianne Parker

Population growth in Britain France and Germany

France; 32 –> 36 million

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where the Industrial Revolution encourage Britain to invest

North and south America

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Impact on cities due to urbanization

People move - stress on resources, unable to find houses/food – set up slums – London = dirty, disease – cholera, criminal activity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Emancipation of serfs in France Prussia Austria and Russia

France; 1739, Prussia; 1815, Austria: 1848, Russia; 1861

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Causes and effects of Irish famine of 1845–1850

Causes; plantations, poor laws, blight, penal laws

Effects; evictions, The Great Hunger, Emigration, 8 - 4.5 Million

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Results of railway improvements consumer economy

Travel across international borders, migration – people/goods (transportation), environmental, Capital goods rather than consumer goods, consumer prices went up

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Limits of workers in the new labor marketplace

Laborers said no say in quality/quantity/market of product

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Proletarianization

19th-century industrial wage labor force

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Chartist reform movement/measures

British labor movement, against industry/proletariat, protect crafts/wages, peaceful, Luddites = not peaceful

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

British Chartism

First large-scale working-class movement, People’s charter, proletariat

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Purpose behind construction of the Crystal Palace

Show off new industry, compatible with other things, unite countries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Relationship between husbands and wives and early factories

Wives and children = assistant

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

English Factory Act of 1833

99; age <9, two hours of education for children

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Work hours after 1847

Nine hours a day only for everyone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Classes which experienced division of labor to gender specific roles

Woman = married – now domestic homemaker, single – workforce
Men = breadwinners
children = assets

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Requirements of new jobs for woman in textile factories

Single, paid less, less skilled jobs

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Woman employment in France

Textiles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

First organized police force

Paris France, 1828

Trends of criminal activity in Europe

Slow/steady rise until 1860

Reason British criminals sent to Australia

Transportation, cheaper than capital punishment

The Auburn System and Philadelphia System

Prison reform systems, borrowed from the Americas, separating prisoners, reform behavior for society, sometimes caused psychological damage

Classical economics and economic growth

Free enterprise; laissez-faire economics

Classical economists and the role of government

Foreign trade market, property, currency, tariffs/taxes, contracts on franchise/entrepreneurs, infrastructure

Jeremy Bentham and utilitarianism

Greatest good for the greatest number of people, Rousseau and Marx (Marxism)

Utopian socialist movement

Owensim (communities – Lanark/New Harmony) Foyeism, Simonism

Count Cloude Henri de Saint Simon

St. Simonism; well managed by experts (technocracy)

Anarchists

Anti- capitalist, government, religious, industry Blanci; terror, Prudonne; mutualism

Karl Marx and the Communist Manifesto

Friedrich Angles, Hegelian philosophy, influenced 20th century, revolution through class conflict

Sources of inspiration for the Communist Manifesto

Hegel, Classical economists

Makeup of revolutionaries in 1848

Political liberals, urban workers, nationalists (outside France)

Hottest spot for the liberalist and nationalistic revolts

Austrian Empire

Spanish Revolution

Protocol of Troppau – other countries could intervene in liberalist/nationalistic revolts, Truman Doctrine

Thomas Malthus, Essay on the Principle of Population and his views

Nothing can improve condition of working-class – resources at fixed, population at Arithmatic, Point of crisis = Malthusian Catastrophe, family-planning

David Ricardo, Principles of Political Economy and his views

"Iron law of wages", wants = regulation of wages Increase money – > increase the children – > more work – > less money per job – > less children And repeats

Regions of Revolutions of 1848

France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Mediterranean, Russia, Ottoman Empire

Results of 1848 – 1849 revolution

They all failed

Origin of 1840 Revolutions

Lack of food, unemployment, bad living conditions, general discontent

Feminist movements in revolutionary Europe

Visuvians; liberal feminists, equality with husbands, military, and appearance Voix de femmes; Conservative, syllabary rolls – political government, better jobs, voting, education

Regions of Revolution in Hapsburg Empire in 1848

Vienna, Hungary, Czech, Italy

Actions of the Hungarians during the Magyar Revolt

Annex territories within their borders, led to insurrections

Split between German working-class and German liberals

Parliament refused to restore protection of guilds – liked concept of free labor market

Facts about Italian Revolution of 1848

King Albert, Joseph Radetzkey, 5 days of Milan, Radetzkey's March, Pope Pius IX, Mazzini and Garibaldi, Battle of Novara, Siege of Rome

Facts about German Revolution of 1848

* Prussia, * David Hanesmann, * Monarch = own constitution – universal male suffrage – three classes voted on ability to pay taxes – largest taxpayers (5% of population) = 1/3 vote, * The Frankfurt Parliament – moderate liberal constitution for united Germany

Facts about French Revolution of 1848

Louis Philippe – "Citizen King" and Franciose Guizot, urban workers joined liberals against their reign, February Days – they're forced to abdicate