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Modern World History > Chapter 21 - Imperialism > Flashcards

Chapter 21 - Imperialism Flashcards

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1
Q

The belief that race determines traits and capabilities.

A

Racism

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2
Q

Significance of the white mans burden.

A

Justification for going to Africa. Europeans wanted to “civilize” primitive people.

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3
Q

Britain found a new colony _________ also called “city of the lion”.

A

Singapore

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4
Q

A political unit that depends on another government for its protection.

A

Protectorate.

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5
Q

Was the colonization of Burma (Myanmar) a good or bad thing?

A

Bad! The Burmese monarchy fell and Britain established control over the entire country!

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6
Q

What was the only country in south east Asia that was free and why?
Bonus points if you know the two Kings names that played important key roles!

A

Thailand (Siam) because it was used as a buffer between the British and French.
King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn. (They were super friendly kings)

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7
Q

Who controlled the US naval forces that defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay?

A

Commodore George Dewey

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8
Q

Who controlled the Philippines?

A

The United States.

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9
Q

Who was the leader of a movement of independence in the Philippines? (He was also the president of the Republic of the Philippines)

A

Emilio Aguinaldo

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10
Q

Did the Dutch East India company use indirect or direct rule?

A

Indirect

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11
Q

What was important about the Suez Canal?

A

There was a way to get exports from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean.

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12
Q

Who was David Livingstone?

A

He was an explorer and a missionary and he explored deep into central Africa.

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13
Q

Who was hired by King Leopold the second when David Livingstone went missing?

A

Henry Stanley

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14
Q

Who was the real driving force behind the colonization of Central Africa?

A

King Leopold II of Belgium

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15
Q

Who were big rivals during the colonization of Africa?

A

Germany and Great Britain

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16
Q

What met in 1884 and 1885 to settle conflicting claims in Africa?

A

The Berlin Conference

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17
Q

Who were the Boer?

A

Dutch settlers

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18
Q

The Boers frequently battled with the _______?

A

Zulu people

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19
Q

Who was the brutal leader of the Zulu people?

A

Shaka Zulu

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20
Q

What did Cecil Rhodes want to do and who was he?

A

Build a railroad through the British colonies. Cecil Rhodes was also the prime minister of the Cape Colony and planned to over throw the Boer government.

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21
Q

What kind of warfare was used by the Boer people?

A

Guerrilla

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22
Q

What kind of policy was used by the British in the Boer war?

A

The scorched earth policy.

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23
Q

Who were sepoys?

A

Indian soldiers the British East India Company hired

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24
Q

The British East India Company started out as a 1.___________ body but then transformed into a 2.___________ body

A
  1. Trading or economical 2. Political
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25
The people of India became who's "Jewel in the Crown"
Queen Victoria (the empress of India)
26
What happened at Kanpur?
Indians massacred 200 people.
27
A governor who ruled as a representative of a monarch.
Viceroy
28
What were some of the benefits of British rule in India?
- they brought order and stability - led a fair and honest government - new technology
29
What are some of the costs of the British rule in India?
- economic - taxes - disrespect towards Indians - British encourages the Indians to grow cotton instead of food
30
3 big Indian trading cities.
Bombay Madras Calcutta
31
A small group of Indians met in Bombay to form the ____________.
Indian National Congress
32
Who was the main figure in Indians independence?
Mohandas Gandhi
33
Who was the most famous Indian author?
Rabindranath Tagore
34
Who were descendants of Europeans that were born in Latin America?
Creoles
35
Who were Spanish and Portuguese officials who resided temporary in Latin America?
Peninsulares
36
People of mixed European and Native American descent.
Mestizos
37
Who were the liberators of South America?
José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar
38
Strong leaders that ruled by military force.
Caudillos
39
___________ guaranteed the independence of the new Latin America.
The Monroe Doctrine
40
Who was the bad president who misused state funds and causes chaos in Mexico.
Antonio López de Santa Anna
41
Who's rule followed Antonio López de Santa Anna? (This person also redistributed land to the poor)
Benito Juárez
42
Which countries became a protectorate of the US after the Spanish-American war?
Cuba and Puerto Rico
43
The US built the ________ in 1914.
Panama Canal
44
What was Latin Americas first independent nation?
Haiti
45
Who led forces over the Andes, surprised Spanish troops and won independence for Chile?
José de San Martín
46
What was a result of the Sepoy Mutiny?
The British parliament transferred powers from the British East India Company to the British government and it helped fuel Indian nationalism.
47
Why did Latin American countries remain economically dependent after political independence?
Because they exported raw material and imported finished goods.
48
The extension of a nations power over other lands.
Imperialism
49
How did Ethiopia remain independent?
They defended themselves with military force.
50
How did Liberia remain independent?
They bought their own independence.
51
Why were the Europeans imperializing? (5 motivations)
``` Religious Economic Ideological Political Exploratory ```
52
What was the Scramble for Africa?
Where nations "scrambled" to claim territory to compete with one another.
53
What allowed the British to Jail protestors for up to two years with no trial?
The Rowlatt Act
54
What the event called where British soldiers opened fired on Indians when they wanted independence?
The Amritsar Massacre
55
When was the Boer War?
1899-1902
56
Who controlled the British in the Boer war?
Paul Kitchener
57
Who was the key revolutionist in Burma?
Saya San
58
Who revolted against the harsh conditions on the sugar cane plantation? Result? Who sympathized with the Cubans?
The slaves in Cuba. The result was that they received better working conditions and the Americans sympathized with the Cubans.
59
What happened to the USS Maine in 1898 and where was it?
It was in Havana Harbor and exploded. It was rumored to be the Spanish's fault and because of it the US declared war.
60
Who led the Mestizos to attack the Spanish?
Miguel Hidalgo
61
Jose de San Martin free what countries?
Argentina, Peru, and Chile.
62
What countries did Simon Bolívar free?
Venezuela, New Granada, and Ecuador.
63
Who brought reforms to Mexico including the separation of church and state?
Benito Juarez
64
Who created armies from minorities to fight for land reforms?
Poncho Villa and Emilio Zapata
65
What was the Raj?
The British rule in India.
66
The belief that ones own culture is superior to all others.
Ethnocentrism
67
To take in (information ideas or culture) or the adaptation of local people to ruling culture
Assimilate / Assimilation
68
To make use of for ones own advantage.
Exploitation
69
The deliberate killing of a large group of people.
Genocide
70
Crops that are grown for sale.
Cash crops
71
The practice of keeping people of different races, religion, ect. separate.
Segregation
72
The belief that a country should maintain a strong military capability.
Militarism
73
A policy of national isolation by rejecting to vote from alliances and other political and economic relations.
Isolationism
74
The policy of territorial or economic expansion.
Expansionism
75
A political unit that depends on another government for protection.
Protectorate
76
To incorporate a country within a state.
Annexed
77
The 19th century doctrine of belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was justified and inevitable.
Manifest Destiny
78
Fransisco Diaz seized control of Mexico from who?
Porfirio Díaz
79
Who hosted the Berlin conference?
Otto Von Bismarck
80
What was the US policy that stated that we could intervene in any Latin American Revolution?
The Roosevelt Corollary
81
Gandhi advocated what three things?
- boycotting British goods - refusing to pay taxes - refusing to vote
82
Who defined the white mans burden?
Rudyard Kipling
83
The US gained what two nations after the Spanish American war?
Guam and Puerto Rico
84
What is it called when outside power controls investment and trading?
Sphere of influence
85
What is it called when private business interests assert control?
Economic Imperialism
86
What is a national called when it governs itself, but under outside control?
A protectorate.

Modern World History (4 decks)

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