Chapter 21: Non-fermenting And Miscellaneous Gram Negative Bacilli

Question 1

Non-fermenters

Question 2

List some general characteristics of non-fermenters

Answer 2

Do not ferment sugars
Oxidize sugars (saccharolytic)
Gram-negative rods
Mostly oxidase positive
TSI are A/A (non-fermenter)

Question 3

List some clinical infections associated with non-fermenters

Answer 3

Septicemia
Meningitis
Osteomyelitis
Wound infections

Question 4

What are some risk factors for disease caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli

Answer 4

Immunosuppression
Trauma
Foreign body implantation
Infused fluids

Question 5

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 6

Biochemicals of P. aeruginosa

Answer 6

Oxidase positive
Catalase positive
Oxidizes carbohydrates

Question 7

Characteristics of P. aeruginosa

Answer 7

Fluorescent group
Grape like odor
Blue-green pigment

Question 8

Clinical infections of P. aeruginosa

Answer 8

-Wound infections and burn patients
-Pulmonary infections
-Nosocomial UTIs and bacteremia’s
-endocarditis
-Ear infections
-Skin rashes (hot tub syndrome)

Question 9

Virulence factors of P. aeruginosa

Answer 9

Toxins
Proteases
Hemolysin
Slime
Lecithinase
Elastase
Coagulase
DNase

Question 10

ID characteristics of P. aeruginosa

Answer 10

Green sheen on blood agar (Pyocyanin) specific to P. aeruginosa

Arginine dihydrolase (ADH) positive

Grows at 42°C

Citrate positive

Question 11

T/F are pseudomonas aeruginosa, very drug resistant, and what drug works best

Answer 11

True.
Aminoglycosides

Question 12

P. fluorescens & putida

Question 13

List some features of P. fluorescens and putida

Answer 13

Fluorescent group

Low virulence

Question 14

Infections associated with P. fluorescens and putida

Answer 14

UTIs

Post surgical abscess

Septic arthritis

Empyema (the collection of pus in a cavity in the body, especially in the pleural cavity)

Wound infection

Question 15

Acinetobacter spp.

Question 16

Where can acinetobacter spp. be found?

Answer 16

In hospitals, particularly ventilators humidifiers & catheters

Question 17

Clinical infections associated with Acinetobacter spp.

Answer 17

UTIs
Pneumonia
Endocarditis
Septicemia
Meningitis

Question 18

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ID characteristics

Answer 18

Catalase positive
Oxidase negative
DNase positive
Esculin positive
Lysine decarboxylase positive
Gelatin hydrolysis

Question 19

Burkholderia cepacia is not a nosocomial pathogen, true or false

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Burkholderia cepacia ID characteristics

Answer 20

Oxidase negative

Motile

Utilizes glucose maltose, lactose and mannitol

Lysine decarboxylase (LDC) positive

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) positive

Arginine dihydrolase (ADH) negative

Question 21

Which of the following is an exotoxin produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 21

DNase

Question 22

Which pigment produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa is water, soluble, and fluoresces on the short wave UV light

Answer 22

Pyoverdin

Question 23

Which of the following sets of reactions distinguishes pseudomonas stutzeri from most other pseudomonas species are

Answer 23

Arginine dihydrolase negative and starch hydrolysis positive

Question 24

Which best describes acinetobacter baumannii

Answer 24

Saccharolytic
Oxidase negative
Nonmotile

Question 25

Stentrophomonas maltophilia is positive for this test

Answer 25

DNase Other positive tests: Catalase, Esculin, lysine, decarboxylase Negative test: oxidase Gelatin hydrolysis

Question 26

Studies suggest that this plate is most effective in reducing overgrowth, while maintaining good recovery of Burkholderia cepacia

Answer 26

B. cepacia-selective agar (BCSA)

Question 27

This test result indicates an isolate is most likely Oligella ureolytica rather than an Alcaligenes spp.

Answer 27

Positive phenylalanine deaminase (PDA)

Question 28

Which is the best test differentiate between Brevundimonas vesicularis and B. diminuta

Answer 28

Esculin hydrolysis

Question 29

Non-pigmented strains of chromobacterium violaceum have been confused with

Answer 29

Aeromonas

Question 30

Which of the following best describes Ralstonia pickettii?

Answer 30

Slow grower that grows on MAC agar