Chapter 22

Question 0

Taille

Answer 0

Annual direct tax (land or property) that provided regular source of income for french monarchy

Question 1

Estate

Answer 1

One of 3 classes of french society (before the revolution)

1. Clergy (privileged=no taxes)
2. Nobles (privileged=no taxes)
3. Townspeople (unprivileged=taxes)

Question 2

Bourgeoisie

Answer 2

Middle class: merchants, industrialists, professionals

Question 3

Sans-culottes

Answer 3

“Without breeches”
members of Paris commune who considered themselves ordinary patriots
(Long pants instead of knee length breeches of nobles)

Question 4

Elector

Answer 4

Individual qualified to vote in an election

Question 5

Coup d’état

Answer 5

Sudden overthrow of gov

Question 6

Consulate

Answer 6

Gov established in France after overthrow of directory in 1799, Napoleon as first consul

Question 7

Nationalism

Answer 7

Unique cultural identity of a people.

Based on common language, religion, and national symbols.

Question 8

Conservatism

Answer 8

Political philosophy based on tradition and social stability.
Favored obedience to political authority and organized religion.

Question 9

Principle of intervention

Answer 9

Idea that great powers have right to send armies into countries with revolutions to restore gov.

Question 10

Liberalism

Answer 10

Political philosophy based on enlightenment principles. People free from gov and basic rights protected.

Question 11

Old regime

Answer 11

Socio-political system that existed in most of Europe during the 18th century

Question 12

Absolutism

Answer 12

Ruler holds total power.

Question 13

Divine right of kings

Answer 13

Power given by God

Question 14

What was Frances economy based on?

Answer 14

Agriculture

Question 15

Poor harvests caused what?

Answer 15

Peasants to have trouble paying taxes.

Question 16

What caused France to go bankrupt?

Answer 16

Wars
Funding of American revolution
Privileged classes wouldn’t submit to being taxed

Question 17

Deficit spending

Answer 17

Gov spends more money than it takes from tax revenues.

Question 18

Philosophes

Answer 18

Intellectuals, secular in thinking, reason and logic instead of faith, religion, and superstition.

Question 19

Long term causes

Answer 19

Underlying causes

Stem back many years

Question 20

Short term causes

Answer 20

Happen close to the moment the change happens.

Question 21

Long term causes of french revolution

Answer 21

Absolutism
Unjust socio-political system (old regime)
Poor harvests meant peasants couldn’t pay taxes
Enlightenment philosophes
System of mercantilism restricted trade
Other successful revolutions: England’s glorious rev, American rev

Question 22

Short term causes of French Revolution

Answer 22

Deficit spending
Famine
Estates general meeting (bankruptcy)

Question 23

Cahiers

Answer 23

Traditional lists of grievances written by the people.

Question 24

At the estates general meeting how many votes to each estate get?

Answer 24

1 but 3rd estate wanted it to be based on pop.

Question 25

Tennis court oath

Answer 25

3rd estate declared itself to be National Assembly | Louis xvi locked 3rd estate out of meeting

Question 26

What happened on June 23, 1789?

Answer 26

Louis relented. | 3 estates meet together as National Assembly and vote by pop on constitution

Question 27

Paris commune

Answer 27

Gov organized by partisans during uprisings in Paris.

Question 28

Émigrés

Answer 28

Nobles that fled country

Question 29

Changes under National Assembly

Answer 29

Abolition of special privileges. Constitution of 1791 Declaration of the rights of man Equality before the law

Question 30

Declaration of the rights of man included?

Answer 30

``` Freedom of: religion, speech, the press Guaranteed property rights "Liberty, equality, fraternity" Right of people to create laws Right to fair trial ```

Question 31

Declaration of rights of women included?

Answer 31

Inherit property | Divorce

Question 32

Girondists

Answer 32

Moderates | Rich middle class

Question 33

Jacobins

Answer 33

Workers | Radicals

Question 34

Reign of terror was headed by whom?

Answer 34

Committee of public safety

Question 35

Thermidorean reaction ended what?

Answer 35

Reign of terror

Question 36

What reforms did the convention pass?

Answer 36

Metric system Ended slavery Ended debt imprisonment

Question 37

What gov did Napoleon overthrow?

Answer 37

Directory

Question 38

Plebiscite

Answer 38

Popular vote done by ballot

Question 39

Waterloo

Answer 39

Battle where Napoleon was finally defeated.