Chapter 22

Question 1

List 3 of darwins observations

Answer 1

• Variation among orgs in population
• where species located around globe
• fossil records
• comp morphology (Linnaeus)
• artificial selection
• geology and age of earth
• Malthus n economic theory

Question 2

Microevolution

Answer 2

Cumulative genetic change w/in population, change in allele freq

Question 3

Microevolution

Answer 3

Large scalar process on pop that can result in new species arising

Question 4

Reasons for variation

Answer 4

• result of sexual reproduction, rando allele assortment
• competition
• diff in fitness makes some more freq
• orgs adapt to cdns, become best suited for cdns presented

Question 5

Systematics

Answer 5

Study of diversity and relationship of orgs

Question 6

DKPCOFGS

Answer 6

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 7

Evidence of ev

Fossils

Answer 7

Transitional links, some fossils show intermediate forms between two diff but related species

Question 8

Evidence of ev

Biogeography

Answer 8

Distribution pattern consistent w/ theory orgs evolved in one place then migrated then continued to evolve

Opossum->kangaroos and koalas

Question 9

Evidence of ev

Anatomy

Answer 9

Anatomical similarities

Homologous

Analogous

Vestigial

Question 10

Evidence of ev

Bio and genetic

Answer 10

Almost all organisms use same molecules for genetic make up DNA and use ATP as energy currency

Org codon use same triplet code to make amino acids to proteins

Question 11

Evidence of ev

Artificial selection

Answer 11

Controlling breeding causes increase in freq of certain trains

Question 12

Life forms show 3 common trends

Answer 12

1) orgs suited uniquely to enviro
2) orgs share traits for similar lifestyles
3) life is diverse

Question 13

Competence views evol

Lamarck

Answer 13

Believed species evolved to better suit enviro

But had wrong idea of inheritance of traits via use/disuse
Giraffe

Question 14

Competence views evol

Malthus

Answer 14

lim resources

Excess pop growth
Struggle to survive/competition
Survival of richest

Question 15

Linnaeus

Answer 15

Developed modern taxonomy

• binomial method of ID
• based groups on morphology

Question 16

Alfred Russell Wallace

Answer 16

Ideas sim to Darwin

Had idea of nat sel, first to put in writing

Question 17

Competence views evol

Cuvier

Answer 17

Developed paleontology
Older stratum more diff to current species
Inferred that extinction was common thing

Question 18

Hutton and Lyell

Answer 18

Helped shame darwins Idea about gradualism

Grand canyons idea

Question 19

Domain archea and bacteria

Answer 19

Appear 3.5 bya
Earliest orgs
Prokaryotes

Question 20

Prokaryotes

Answer 20

Most have cell walls
Unicellular (biofilms)
Typically