Chapter 22: Review Qs & Evolve Flashcards
(28 cards)
- Which type of drug used for nausea and/or vomiting causes food to move more quickly through the GI tract?
A. Phenothiazines B. Anticholinergics C. 5HT3-receptor antagonists D. Dopamine antagonists
D
- Which antiemetic drugs can cause patients to experience decreased sweating, increasing the risk of body overheating?
A. Cyclizine (Marezine) B. Prochlorperazine (Compazine) C. Meclizine (Antivert) D. Ondansetron (Zofran)
B
- For which side effect must you notify the prescriber when a patient is taking metoclopramide (Reglan)?
A. Depression B. Heartburn C. Anxiety D. Constipation
A
- Which drug prescribed to relieve constipation is a lubricant?
A. Magnesium hydroxide B. Milk of Magnesia C. Glycerin suppository D. Bisacodyl
C
- Which electrolyte abnormality must you monitor for when a patient is prescribed bisacodyl (Dulcolax)?
A. Hypernatremia B. Hypercalcemia C. Hypophosphatemia D. Hypokalemia
D
- Which drug when prescribed for diarrhea slows the movement of stool through the bowel?
A. Loperamide (Imodium) B. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) C. Calcium polycarbophil (FiberCon) D. Attapulgite (Kaopectate)
A
- Which drug should not be prescribed to small children because of increased risk for development of Reye’s syndrome?
A. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) B. Calcium polycarbophil (FiberCon) C. Attapulgite (Kaopectate) D. Loperamide (Imodium)
A
- Which action of promethazine (Phenergan) helps prevent nausea and vomiting?
A. Inhibiting the vomiting reflex pathways B. Helping food move more rapidly through the GI system C. Preventing cancer chemotherapy–induced vomiting D. Providing a protective coating to the stomach and esophagus
A
- Which actions should you take before giving an antinausea drug? (Select all that apply.)
A. Listen for active bowel sounds. B. Look for abdominal distention. C. Check the patient’s electrolyte values. D. Check the patient’s deep tendon reflexes. E. Ask about patient coagulation tests.
A B C F
- What do you teach a patient who is prescribed prochlorperazine (Compazine)?
A. Take this drug with food to prevent GI discomfort. B. A side effect of this drug is headaches, which can be relieved with acetaminophen (Tylenol). C. This drug can cause your urine to change color to pink or reddish-brown. D. The action of this drug is to cause food to move rapidly through the GI tract.
C
- A child taking chemotherapy drugs for cancer is prescribed metoclopramide for nausea and vomiting. For which side effects do you monitor?
A. Muscle spasms of the jaw B. Confusion C. Hypotension D. Depression
A
- What actions must you be sure to take before giving any drug for constipation? (Select all that apply.)
A. Listen for active bowel sounds. B. Check for abdominal distention. C. Ask the patient about previous bacterial infections. D. Prepare a full glass of fluid to give with oral drugs. E. Ask about the patient’s normal bowel habits.
A B D E
- After giving a drug for constipation, how many milliliters of fluid do you instruct the patient to drink every day?
A. 1200-1500 B. 1500-2000 C. 2000-2400 D. 2400-3000
B
- What is the dosage of a drug for constipation for a child between 6 and 12 years of age?
A. One quarter of the adult dose B. One half of the adult dose C. Three quarters of the adult dose D. The same as the adult dose
B
A nurse gave a patient an antidiarrheal drug. After giving the drug, what sign of toxic megacolon is it important for the nurse to monitor the patient for?
Abdominal distention
A nurse is monitoring a patient who has been taking metoclopramide (Reglan). What are the symptoms of the adverse effect neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients who take this drug? (select all that apply)
Puckering movements of the lips Elevated body temperature Seizures Muscle weakness Diaphoresis
Elevated body temperature
Seizures
Diaphoresis
A newly admitted patient has been diagnosed with a gastrointestinal (GI) disorder. What part of the GI system does the nurse tells the patient makes the difference between having diarrhea, a normal stool, and constipation?
Large bowel
A patient with a history of depression has been prescribed an antiemetic. What drug should be avoided?
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
Metoclopramide (Reglan) is a dopamine antagonist and can cause mild-to-severe depression.
A hospital patient was given a bulk-forming drug for constipation 24 hours ago and now reports that it has not worked. What is your best response?
“They take 12 hours to 3 days to be effective.”
The best response is to tell the patient that they may work in as soon as 12 hours but can take as long as 3 days to be effective. Bulk-forming drugs for constipation add bulk to the stool, which increases stool mass that stimulates peristalsis. This helps stool move through the bowel.
The nurse is going to administer a patient a dose of promethazine (Phenergan) and is reviewing information about the drug. What is a serious adverse effect of this drug?
Tissue necrosis after undiluted intravenous (IV) administration
A patient who is taking routine promethazine (Phenergan) reports that her tongue suddenly seems to “have a mind of its own.” What is your best response?
“Stop the medication and notify your prescriber immediately.”
Promethazine (Phenergan) and metoclopramide (Reglan) can cause tardive dyskinesia, a chronic disorder of the nervous system.
Why must a patient taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) be taught to avoid taking aspirin?
The drug contains aspirin, and additional aspirin may cause tinnitus.
The nurse is caring for a patient with diarrhea. What problems is a patient with diarrhea at risk for? (select all that apply)
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalance
A nurse is about to give a patient a drug for constipation. What information is most crucial for the nurse to remember?
Do not give to a patient with undiagnosed abdominal pain.
