Chapter 23

Question 1

Systematics

Answer 1

Study of evolutionary relationships

Question 2

Phylogeny

Answer 2

Similarities and differences of species

Question 3

Evolution

Answer 3

Not always divergent

Question 4

Ancestry

Answer 4

Common ancestor

Question 5

Derived

Answer 5

Shared by species

Question 6

Cladistics

Answer 6

Shared derived species

Question 7

Taxon

Answer 7

Species/higher level group

Question 8

Outgroup

Answer 8

Related to but not member of group

Question 9

Clade

Answer 9

Common ancestral species

Question 10

Parisomy

Answer 10

Phylogenetic tree with fewest assumptions and fewest evolutionary traits

Question 11

Synapomorphy

Answer 11

Derived character shared clade members

Question 12

Symplesiomorphies

Answer 12

Shared ancestral

Question 13

Plesimorphies

Answer 13

Ancestral states

Question 14

Homoplasy

Answer 14

Shared derived, not inherited from common ancestor

Question 15

Taxonomy

Answer 15

Living things of particular level

Question 16

Hierarchy

Answer 16

Species-genus-family-order-class-phylum-kingdom-domain

Question 17

Monophyletic

Answer 17

Common ancestor of ALL descendants

Question 18

Paraphyletic

Answer 18

Common ancestor of NOT ALL descendants

Question 19

Polyphyletic

Answer 19

Not common of all descendants

Question 20

Phylogenetic species concept

Answer 20

Population is a separate species if they evolve independently of other groups