Chapter 23 – Nervous System and Pathologies Flashcards by Kevin Domingue

Which gland is found in the brain?
A. Adrenal
B. Pineal
C. Parathyroid
D. Thymus

Pineal

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What is an involuntary, predictable response to a stimulus?
A. Action potential
B. Motor unit
C. Tract
D. Reflex

Reflex

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Which receptors are activated by tension at musculotendinous junctions and inhibit muscle contraction during stretching?
A. Golgi tendon organs
B. Baroreceptors
C. Nociceptors
D. Muscle spindles

Golgi tendon organs

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A muscle being inhibited by contraction of its antagonist is an example of:
A. Active assisted range of motion
B. Reciprocal inhibition
C. Hilton’s Law
D. Law of facilitation

Reciprocal inhibition

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Which part of the brain regulates muscle tone, posture and balance, and coordinates complex movements?
A. Midbrain
B. Pons
C. Cerebellum
D. Diencephalon

Cerebellum

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Which condition is an autoimmune disorder in which myelin sheaths in the central nervous system are progressively destroyed?
A. Alzheimer disease
B. Trigeminal neuralgia
C. Bell palsy
D. Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis

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Which condition can develop after having had chickenpox?
A. Impetigo
B. Shingles
C. Eczema
D. Psoriasis

Shingles

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Which age group is most likely to be affected by Alzheimer disease?
A. Infancy
B. Childhood
C. Adolescence
D. Senescence

Senescence

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Which response is activated during stress?
A. Parasympathetic nervous system
B. Sympathetic nervous system
C. Visceral reflex
D. Somatic inverse reflex

Sympathetic nervous system

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Bell palsy involves which cranial nerve?
A. I
B. V
C. VII
D. X

VII

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Which receptors monitor changes in muscle length and respond by reflexive contraction during stretching?
A. Golgi tendon organs
B. Muscle spindles
C. Pacinian corpuscles
D. Ruffini corpuscles

Muscle spindles

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Which nerve is involved in carpal tunnel syndrome?
A. Trigeminal
B. Ulnar
C. Median
D. Phrenic

Median

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Which part of the brain connects to the spinal cord?
A. Cerebellum
B. Brainstem
C. Cerebrum
D. Diencephalon

Brainstem

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Blood pressure generally decreases during massage because:
A. the heart pumps less blood.
B. vasoconstriction occurs in vessels.
C. venous flow is impeded.
D. the parasympathetic system is activated.

the parasympathetic system is activated.

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Which condition is an example of a repetitive stress injury?
A. Carpal tunnel syndrome
B. Chronic fatigue syndrome
C. Torticollis
D. Whiplash

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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Relaxing massage activates which division of the nervous system?
A. Sympathetic
B. Parasympathetic
C. Somatic
D. Efferent

Parasympathetic

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Which nerve bundle passes between the anterior and middle scalene muscles as it moves toward the axilla?
A. Cervical plexus
B. Solar plexus
C. Lumbosacral plexus
D. Brachial plexus

Brachial plexus

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Which consequence is a long-term effect of stress?
A. Increased vitality
B. Decreased immunity
C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Increased hemoglobin

Decreased immunity

The majority of seizures are which type?
A. Generalized
B. Partial
C. Tonic-clonic
D. Absence

Partial

In the acronym F-A-S-T-E-R to learn stroke signs and symptoms, what does “S” stand for?
A. Speed
B. Supine
C. Stability
D. Seizure

Stability

Which signs and symptoms indicated client anxiety?
A. Shallow breathing and rapid heart rate
B. Incoherent speech and staggered gait
C. Full deep breathing and rapid heart rate
D. Muscle twitching and pupil dilation

Shallow breathing and rapid heart rate

If a client with a seizure disorder appears to have a seizure during a massage, what is the most appropriate course of action?
A. Call 911; while waiting for help to arrive, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation if qualified to do so
B. Roll the client on his or her side and put something in the oral cavity to prevent swallowing of the tongue
C. Time the length of the shaking phase; call 911 if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes or immediately repeats
D. Grasp the client’s shoulders and shake vigorously to bring him back to normal awareness; if this does not work, call 911

Time the length of the shaking phase; call 911 if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes or immediately repeats

Which approach is part of a treatment plan for a client with multiple sclerosis?
A. Schedule appointments during the initial phase of exacerbations
B. Use neuromuscular techniques to increase nerve transmission
C. Assess the appropriateness of massage each visit as symptoms change
D. It is an absolute contraindication in all phases

Assess the appropriateness of massage each visit as symptoms change

Which nerve innervates almost all of the flexors of the wrist?
A. Median
B. Musculocutaneous
C. Radial
D. Ulnar

Median

Which function does myelin perform? A. Cushions the spinal cord B. Reduces spinal reflexes C. Increases speed of nerve impulses D. Aids in muscle tissue regeneration

Increases speed of nerve impulses

The parasympathetic nervous system causes: A. increased respiration rate. B. decreased excretory processes. C. increased heart rate. D. decreased heart rate.

decreased heart rate.

The peripheral nervous system contains how many pairs of spinal nerves? A. 34 B. 12 C. 31 D. 24

The peripheral nervous system contains how many pairs of cranial nerves? A. 34 B. 12 C. 31 D. 24

The space between two neurons, a neuron and a muscle cell, or a neuron and a gland is called the: A. synaptic cleft. B. node of Ranvier. C. action potential. D. neurotransmitter junction.

synaptic cleft.

Which syndrome is defined as compression at two or more locations along a peripheral nerve? A. Thoracic outlet B. Peripheral neuropathy C. Double crush D. Carpal tunnel

Double crush

Which term refers to nerve impulse transmission along myelinated axons? A. Saltatory conduction B. Continuous conduction C. Neurotransmitter release D. Neurotransmitter reuptake

Saltatory conduction

Which term is used to describe motor neurons? A. Saltatory conduction B. Continuous conduction C. Neurotransmitter release D. Neurotransmitter reuptake

Efferent

Which example is a mechanoreceptor? A. Nociceptor B. Olfactory nerve C. Free nerve ending D. Muscle spindle

Muscle spindle

Which type of receptor detects actual or potential tissue damage? A. Nociceptor B. Osmoreceptors C. Proprioceptor D. Photoreceptor

Nociceptor

Which term means an area of skin supplied by a single sensory spinal nerve? A. Myotome B. Plexus C. Dermatome D. Ganglion

Dermatome

Pain originating in the lower back or hip and travels down to one side of the posterior thigh and leg is the hallmark symptom of which condition? A. Gallstones B. Appendicitis C. Sciatica D. Gout

Sciatica

Which term means an abnormal sensation? A. Paresthesia B. Remission C. Pallor D. Turgor

Paresthesia

A person with which condition might experience facial pain from the face rest while lying prone? A. Spina bifida B. Parkinson disease C. Rheumatoid arthritis D. Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia

Which layers represent the meninges from superficial to deep? A. Dura mater - arachnoid - pia mater B. Pia mater - arachnoid - dura mater C. Dura mater - pia mater - arachnoid D. Pia mater - dura mater - arachnoid

Dura mater - arachnoid - pia mater

Which condition is caused by compression of nerves in the brachial plexus? A. Carpal tunnel syndrome B. Bell palsy C. Thoracic outlet syndrome D. Trigeminal neuralgia

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Which part of the ear is involved with spatial orientation and balance? A. Cochlea B. Eustachian tubes C. Semicircular canals D. Tympanic membrane

Semicircular canals

Which part of the brain controls heart and respiration rates? A. Thalamus B. Cerebullum C. Hippocampus D. Medulla oblongata

Medulla oblongata

Which region of the body is affected if a client has trigeminal neuralgia? A. Upper back B. Lower back C. Groin area D. Facial area

Facial area

When working on a client diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome, the practitioner should focus treatment of the: A. Finger extensors B. Finger flexors C. Dorsal ligaments D. Plantar aponeurosis

Finger flexors