Chapter 23: Neurocognitive Disorders Flashcards
What causes delirium
long-term hospitalization, alcohol or drug withdrawal; certain medications; stroke; fever; malnutrition; infection (including urinary tract infections, sepsis, pneumonia, or the flu
Four cardinal features of delirium
- Acute onset and fluctuating course
- Reduced ability to direct, focus, shift, and sustain attention
- Disorganized thinking
- Disturbance of consciousness
Delirium is______
Secondary/result of another mechanism. If cause goes away, delirium goes away
When does onset of delirium happen
suddenly/rapid/acute onset
illusion vs delusion
Illusion is a noun that refers to either something that is not as it appears or a misperception.
A delusion is also a misperception, but this word usually refers to a dangerous misperception or an idea that misleads a person into dangerous patterns of thought.
“Priority” in a nursing school question means that not doing so would result in____, _______, or _______ _______.
injury, illness, potential death
T/F: Once you have an episode of delirium, you may never be baseline again.
T
How do you Dx Alzheimer’s
Weigh pt’s brain after death, during autopsy. Disease shrinks brain.
T/F: socialization affects Alzheimer’s risk
T
The majority of dementia patients have Alzheimer’s
T
Characteristics Alzheimer’s/Dementia (AD) progression
MILD: short term memory loss and inability to process usual actions (missing buttons on shirts, cant tie shoes, forgot ingredients to food)
SEVERE: Forgotten how to eat, swallow, etc
CONFABULATION: May make up things that they dont remember. Don’t try to reorient, its to maintain dignity.
Denial
repetition of phrases/behaviors
Avoidance of questions
aphasia
Loss of language ability
apraxia
Loss of purposeful movement
agnosia
Loss of sensory ability to recognize
objects
Clock drawing test is for people w/ ______
Memory impairment issue/Alzheimer’s
Geriatric depression scale is used to __________.
Dx depression in elderly. T
How do you do a mini cog test
remember three words and asking about them later
Define somatic symptom disorder CHAPTER 17
characterized by an extreme focus on physical symptoms — such as pain or fatigue — that causes major emotional distress and problems functioning. You may or may not have another diagnosed medical condition associated with these symptoms, but your reaction to the symptoms is not normal.
SSD vs. illness anxiety disorder CHAPTER 17
Suffering is authentic, no actual cause
Did find something but it wasn’t ass bad as they thought it was going to be. May be lying.
Define conversion disorder CHAPTER 17
No neurological issue, but thinks there is a neurological issue. They think they’re blind, having seizures
Have la belle indifference: Says left arm is paralyzed but never went to be seen for it.
