Chapter 2.3: Nomenclature of Alkanes and the IUPAC System

Question 1

What is the prefix for an alkane with 6 carbon atoms?

Answer 1

hex-

Question 2

What is the condensed structural formula for 2,2-Dimethylpropyl (neopentyl)?

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the prefix for an alkane with 16 carbon atoms?

Answer 3

hexadec-

Question 4

What is the condensed structural formula for 1-Methylethyl (isopropyl, iPr)?

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the prefix for an alkane with 10 carbon atoms?

Answer 5

dec-

Question 6

What is the prefix for an alkane with 13 carbon atoms?

Answer 6

tridec-

Question 7

What is the infix when the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain consists of all single bonds?

Answer 7

-an-

Question 8

What is the infix when the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain consists of one or more double bonds?

Answer 8

-en-

Question 9

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix dodec-?

Answer 9

12

Question 10

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃?

Answer 10

Butyl (Bu)

Question 11

What is the condensed structural formula for 3-methylbutyl (isopentyl)?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is the condensed structural formula for pentyl?

Answer 12

-CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 13

What is the condensed structural formula for 2-Methylpropyl (isobutyl, iBu)?

Answer 13

Question 14

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix hept-?

Answer 14

7

Question 15

In the IUPAC system, what does the prefix indicate?

Answer 15

o The prefix indicates the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain

Question 16

What do you do when there are 3 or more parent chains of identical length?

Answer 16

 When there are 2 or more parent chains of identical length choose the parent chain with the greater number of substituents

Question 17

What is the prefix for an alkane with 20 carbon atoms?

Answer 17

eicos-

Question 18

How do you name an alkyl group?

Answer 18

 Name alkyl groups by dropping the -ane from the name of the parent alkane and adding the suffix -yl

Question 19

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix meth-?

Answer 19

1

Question 20

What is the prefix for an alkane with 8 carbon atoms?

Answer 20

oct-

Question 21

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix but-?

Answer 21

4

Question 22

What is the condensed structural formula for ethyl (Et)?

Answer 22

-CH₂CH₃

Question 23

What is the prefix for an alkane with 3 carbon atoms?

Answer 23

prop-

Question 24

In the IUPAC system, what does the suffix indicate?

Answer 24

o The suffix indicates the class of compound to which the substance belongs

Question 25

What is the suffix for ketone?

Answer 25

-one

Question 26

What is the suffix for amine?

Answer 26

-amine

Question 27

What is the suffix for aldehyde?

Answer 27

-al

Question 28

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 28

3-methylbutyl (isopentyl)

Question 29

What is the prefix for an alkane with 17 carbon atoms?

Answer 29

heptadec-

Question 30

What is the class of compound with the suffix -al?

Answer 30

aldehyde

Question 31

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix pentadec-?

Answer 31

15

Question 32

What is the condensed structural formula for 1,1- Dimethylethyl (*tert*-butyl, t-Bu)?

Answer 32

Question 33

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃?

Answer 33

Pentyl

Question 34

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix octadec-?

Answer 34

18

Question 35

What is the prefix for an alkane with 11 carbon atoms?

Answer 35

undec-

Question 36

What is the class of compound with the suffix -one?

Answer 36

ketone

Question 37

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 37

2-methylbutyl

Question 38

What is the infix when the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain consists of one or more triple bonds?

Answer 38

-yn-

Question 39

What is the condensed structural formula for butyl (Bu)?

Answer 39

-CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 40

What is the prefix for an alkane with 19 carbon atoms?

Answer 40

nonadec-

Question 41

What is a group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane; given the symbol R-?

Answer 41

alkyl group

Question 42

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix tridec-?

Answer 42

13

Question 43

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 43

2,2-Dimethylpropyl (neopentyl)

Question 44

What is the prefix for an alkane with 12 carbon atoms?

Answer 44

dodec-

Question 45

What is the prefix for an alkane with 15 carbon atoms?

Answer 45

pentadec-

Question 46

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix pent-?

Answer 46

5

Question 47

What do you do if there is more than one substituent?

Answer 47

• If there is more than one substituent, number the parent chain from the end that gives the substituent the lower number

Question 48

What is the condensed structural formula for 1-Methylpropyl (sec-butyl, s-Bu)?

Answer 48

Question 49

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 49

1-methylpropyl (sec-butyl, s-Bu)

Question 50

What is the prefix for an alkane with 1 carbon atoms?

Answer 50

meth-

Question 51

How are hydrogens classified?

Answer 51

o Hydrogens are also classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary depending on the type of carbon to which it is bonded

Question 52

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH₃?

Answer 52

Methyl (Me)

Question 53

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 53

2-methylpropyl (isobutyl, iBu)?

Question 54

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix hex-?

Answer 54

6

Question 55

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix dec-?

Answer 55

10

Question 56

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH₂CH₂CH₃?

Answer 56

propyl (Pr)

Question 57

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix nonadec-?

Answer 57

19

Question 58

What is the suffix for alcohol?

Answer 58

-ol

Question 59

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix eth-?

Answer 59

2

Question 60

What is the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain with the -an- infix?

Answer 60

all single bonds

Question 61

What is the condensed structural formula for propyl (Pr)?

Answer 61

-CH₂CH₂CH₃

Question 62

What is the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain with the -en- infix?

Answer 62

one or more double bonds

Question 63

What is the prefix for an alkane with 5 carbon atoms?

Answer 63

pent-

Question 64

What is the prefix for an alkane with 4 carbon atoms?

Answer 64

but-

Question 65

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: -CH₂CH₃?

Answer 65

Ethyl (Et)

Question 66

What is the suffix for hydrocarbons?

Answer 66

-e

Question 67

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix eicos-?

Answer 67

20

Question 68

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix hexadec-?

Answer 68

16

Question 69

What is the condensed structural formula for methyl (Me)?

Answer 69

-CH₃

Question 70

What is the prefix for an alkane with 18 carbon atoms?

Answer 70

octadec-

Question 71

How do you name an alkane using the common nomenclature system?

Answer 71

o In an alternate system known as common nomenclature, the total number of carbon atoms in an alkane, regardless of their arrangement, determines the name

Question 72

What is the class of compound with the suffix -e?

Answer 72

hydrocarbon

Question 73

What is the class of compound with the suffix -ol?

Answer 73

alcohol

Question 74

What is the class of compound with the suffix -amine?

Answer 74

amine

Question 75

Define alklyl group

Answer 75

a group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane; given the symbol R-

Question 76

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix tetradec-?

Answer 76

14

Question 77

What is the prefix for an alkane with 2 carbon atoms?

Answer 77

eth-

Question 78

In the IUPAC system, what does the infix indicate?

Answer 78

o The infix indicates the nature of the carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain

Question 79

What is the prefix for an alkane with 7 carbon atoms?

Answer 79

hept-

Question 80

What do you do if there are two or more identical substituents?

Answer 80

• If there are two or more identical substituents, number the parent chain from the end that gives the lower number to the substituent encountered first. A comma is used to separate position numbers

Question 81

What is the prefix for an alkane with 9 carbon atoms?

Answer 81

non-

Question 82

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix oct-?

Answer 82

8

Question 83

What is the nature of carbon-carbon bonds in the parent chain with the -yn- infix?

Answer 83

one or more triple bonds

Question 84

How are carbons classified?

Answer 84

o We classify a carbon atom as a primary (1°), secondary (2°), tertiary (3°), and quaternary (4°) depending on the number of carbon atoms bonded to it

Question 85

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix heptadec-?

Answer 85

17

Question 86

What is the suffix for carboxylic acid?

Answer 86

-oic acid

Question 87

What is the prefix for an alkane with 14 carbon atoms?

Answer 87

tetradec-

Question 88

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 88

1-Methylethyl (isopropyl, iPr)

Question 89

What is the name for the condensed structural formula: ?

Answer 89

1,1- Dimethylethyl (*tert*-butyl, t-Bu)

Question 90

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix prop-?

Answer 90

3

Question 91

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix undec-?

Answer 91

11

Question 92

What to do if there are two or more different substituents in equivalent positions on opposite ends of the parent chain?

Answer 92

• If there are two or more different substituents, list them in alphabetical order and number the chain from the end that gives the lower number to the substituent encountered first. If there are different substituents in equivalent positions on opposite ends of the parent chain, give the substituent of lower alphabetical order the lowest number.

Question 93

What is the condensed structural formula for 2-methylbutyl?

Answer 93

Question 94

What is the class of compound with the suffix -oic acid?

Answer 94

carboxylic acid

Question 95

What are the rules of the IUPAC System for Naming Alkanes? (5)

Answer 95

 The name for an alkane with an unbranched chain of carbon atoms consists of a prefix showing the number of carbon atoms in the chain and the ending -ane  For branched-chain alkanes, select the longest chain of carbon atoms as the parent chain; its name becomes the root name  Give each substituent on the parent chain a name and a number. The number shows the carbon atom of the parent chain to which the substituent is bonded. Use a hyphen to connect the number to the name  The prefixes are not included in alphabetizing. Alphabetize the names of the constituents first and then insert these prefixes  The italic part of a name is not used in alphabetizing

Question 96

How many carbon atoms are in an alkane with the prefix non-?

Answer 96

9