Chapter 24

Question 1

The New Deal did all of the following EXCEPT

A) construct the foundations of the federal welfare system.
B) transform the Democratic Party into the dominant force in American politics for the next thirty years.
C) preside over the birth of the modern labor movement.
D) end the Great Depression.
E) close all American banks.

Answer 1

D) end the Great Depression.

Question 2

Much of Roosevelt’s success in restoring public confidence in government might be attributed to his
A) consistent application of clear-cut philosophies to social and economic problems.
B) optimistic and ebullient personality.
C) refusal to engage in tedious and politically charged press conferences.
D) public demonstration of how a man could overcome physical paralysis.
E) appeal to the lower classes.

Answer 2

B) optimistic and ebullient personality.

Question 3

Roosevelt’s first concern as president was the
A) public panic caused by the bank failures.
B) collapse of agriculture.
C) problem of widespread unemployment.
D) deflationary spiral that had crippled business.
E) stagnant farm prices.

Answer 3

A) public panic caused by the bank failures.

Question 4

The Twenty-first Amendment, ratified in 1933, repealed the
A) progressive income tax.
B) poll tax, literacy test, and other discriminatory voting restrictions.
C) prohibition of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.
D) “quota system” of immigration limitations.
E) right for women to vote.

Answer 4

C) prohibition of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.

Question 5

Initial implementation of the Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1933 was controversial because
A) it involved large-scale destruction of existing crops and livestock to reduce surpluses.
B) it required farmers to boost agricultural production.
C) it outlawed the practices of farm tenancy and sharecropping.
D) it favored the interests of small farmers over those of large farmers.
E) it favored the interests of large farmers over those of small farmers.

Answer 5

A) it involved large-scale destruction of existing crops and livestock to reduce surpluses.

Question 6

Of greatest impact on large numbers of poor farmers was a New Deal program to
A) provide payments for reduced production in the interest of soil conservation.
B) help irrigate and reclaim marginal lands for cultivation.
C) provide loans for resettlement.
D) help farmers relocate to better lands.
E) make electric power available through utility cooperatives.

Answer 6

E) make electric power available through utility cooperatives.

Question 7

Which of the following provisions was NOT included in the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933?
A) trade association agreements on pricing and production
B) loans by the national government to railroads, banks, and insurance companies
C) legal protection to the right of workers to form unions
D) a major program of public works designed to pump needed funds into the economy
E) legal right of workers to engage in collective bargaining

Answer 7

B) loans by the national government to railroads, banks, and insurance companies

Question 8

The Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional partly because it
A) used an overly broad definition of interstate commerce.
B) waived antitrust laws for cooperating businesses.
C) granted public money to private corporations.
D) applied only to corporations, not partnerships and sole proprietors.
E) allowed for child labor.

Answer 8

A) used an overly broad definition of interstate commerce.

Question 9

The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) did all of the following EXCEPT
A) caused massive flooding in certain regions.
B) suffered as a result of the collapse of the electrical utility empire of Samuel Insull.
C) was intended to serve as an agent for comprehensive redevelopment of the entire region.
D) converted the Tennessee Valley into one of the most prosperous regions of the country.
E) received strong support from the nation’s utility companies.

Answer 9

E) received strong support from the nation’s utility companies.

Question 10

The Roosevelt administration instituted all of the following financial reforms EXCEPT to
A) take the country off the gold standard.
B) establish the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
C) transfer control over interest rates from the Federal Reserve Board to Congress.
D) establish the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to police the stock market.
E) grant cash to states in order to prop up bankrupt relief agencies.

Answer 10

C) transfer control over interest rates from the Federal Reserve Board to Congress.

Question 11

To provide assistance to those in need, Roosevelt and his adviser Harry Hopkins regarded which of the following as best?
A) cash grants to states
B) work relief
C) a government dole for individuals
D) private charity
E) Roosevelt and Hopkins did not actively work together to provide assistance to those in need.

Answer 11

B) work relief

Question 12

The relief efforts of the early New Deal were intended to
A) stimulate a broad recovery of the economy.
B) provide relief to the lower classes first.
C) create a permanent welfare system.
D) apply the principles of Keynesian economics.
E) be limited in scope and temporary in duration.

Answer 12

E) be limited in scope and temporary in duration.

Question 13

Franklin Roosevelt's political philosophy could most accurately be characterized as
A) pragmatic.
B) laissez-faire.
C) doctrinaire liberal.
D) democratic socialist.
E) economically liberal.

Answer 13

A) pragmatic.

Question 14

Section 7a of the National Industrial Recovery Act represented a significant gain for
A) organized labor.
B) ethnic minorities.
C) trade associations.
D) the great mass of consumers.
E) child labor.

Answer 14

A) organized labor.

Question 15

Four of the following were purposes behind the establishment of the Tennessee Valley Authority. Which is the exception?
A) flood control
B) experimentation with regional planning and rehabilitation
C) the establishment of a standard of comparison for measuring private power rates
D) the establishment of a precedent for full government ownership and operation of all utilities
E) a need to establish a cheap source of electric power through the nation’s resources

Answer 15

D) the establishment of a precedent for full government ownership and operation of all utilities

Question 16

In addition to putting young men back to work, a principal purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps was to
A) limit population growth.
B) promote reforestation and land conservation.
C) help young married couples buy homes on easy mortgage terms.
D) provide an interracial living experience to promote harmony.
E) keep the youth population from turning to crime.

Answer 16

B) promote reforestation and land conservation.

Question 17

The American Liberty League was dedicated to
A) strong conservative opposition to the New Deal.
B) promoting civil rights for blacks and other minorities.
C) promoting popular support for the spirit of the New Deal.
D) a desire among intellectuals to adopt more radical solutions to the nation’s economic ills.
E) strong opposition to the communist movement.

Answer 17

A) strong conservative opposition to the New Deal.

Question 18

Father Coughlin, Huey Long, and Frances Townsend all had what in common?
A) a hatred of the financial powers who were impoverishing the nation
B) a belief in the federal government’s power to reform American society
C) an unwavering support of President Roosevelt
D) a faith in the social benefits of radical wealth redistribution
E) a strong support of fascism

Answer 18

A) a hatred of the financial powers who were impoverishing the nation

Question 19

The most noticeable change in the Second New Deal was
A) an adoption of some of the more radical plans of Long, Coughlin, and Townsend.
B) a willingness to openly attack corporate interests.
C) a caution created by the Supreme Court’s striking down of some of the agencies of the First New Deal.
D) an unwillingness to place additional tax burdens on the rich.
E) a more aggressive move towards more liberal legislation.

Answer 19

B) a willingness to openly attack corporate interests.

Question 20

The significance of the Wagner Act to organized labor was that it
A) abolished the National Labor Relations Board.
B) provided unemployment benefits for workers on strike.
C) provided strong government protection for unions.
D) explicitly repudiated the right of collective bargaining.
E) did not guarantee the right of unions to organize.

Answer 20

C) provided strong government protection for unions.

Question 21

The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was organized on the principle that all workers in a particular industry should be included in one union. This principle is referred to as
A) union shop.
B) closed shop.
C) craft unionism.
D) industrial unionism.
E) unionization.

Answer 21

D) industrial unionism.

Question 22

The 1935 Social Security Act provided for four of the following. Which is the exception?
A) retirement benefits
B) unemployment benefits
C) health insurance benefits
D) benefits to dependent children of impoverished parents
E) pension payments

Answer 22

C) health insurance benefits

Question 23

The Works Progress Administration did NOT employ which of the following groups within their own fields of work?
A) actors
B) construction workers
C) writers
D) bankers
E) musicians

Answer 23

D) bankers