chapter 24

Question 1

What do electrical prints include?

Answer 1

Electrical prints include pictorial drawing, electrical layouts, schematic diagrams, and line diagrams.

Question 2

A drawing that shows the length, height, and depth of an object in one view. These drawings indicate details such as holes and shoulders of an object as seen by the eye.

Answer 2

Pictorial drawings

Question 3

A drawing that indicates the connections of all devices and components in a residential electrical system.

Answer 3

electrical layout

Question 4

An electrical layout typically indicates the devices and components of a system with _______.

Answer 4

rectangles or circles

Question 5

An assembly of conductors (wires), electrical devices (switches and receptacles), and components (lights and motors) through which current flows.

Answer 5

electrical circuit

Question 6

What stops current from following in a circuit?

Answer 6

a broken wire, a loose connection, or a switch in the OFF position stops current from flowing in a circuit.

Question 7

What are the five basic parts of a residential and electrical circuit?

Answer 7

1. A component (load) that converts electrical energy into some other usable form of energy such as light heat, motion.
2. a source of electricity.
3. Conductors to connect the individual devices and components.
4. a method of controlling the flow of electricity (switch)5. Protection devices (fuses or circuit breakers) to ensure that the circuit operates safely within electrical limits.

Question 8

All residential circuits use the ___ as the power source for the dwelling.

Answer 8

service panel

Question 9

the wires pulled through conduit or metallic and nonmetallic cables.

Answer 9

Conductors

Question 10

What are some examples of control devices?

Answer 10

Single pole switches, three-way switches, motion detectors, timers, or thermostats.

Question 11

What are typical loads found in a residence?

Answer 11

lamps, motors, televisions, radios, and appliances

Question 12

What is the typical overcurrent device used to protect a residential electrical circuit?

Answer 12

Circuit breaker

Question 13

Flipping a single-pole switch to the ON position allows current to pass from the ________, through the closed contacts of the wall switch, through the lamp, and on through the _________, forming a complete (path) or ____.

Answer 13

hot conductor
common conductor
circuit

Question 14

What is used to control a sump pump?

Answer 14

A float or pressure switch

Question 15

Current must flow from the power source, through the load, and ___________, making a complete circuit.

Answer 15

back to the power source

Question 16

These automatically detect the absence of light and respond by sending commands to loads (lights). A ____ responds to the absence of light by turning lights inside and outside a dwelling on and off.

Answer 16

Photo cell

Question 17

How is a photocell controller mounted?

Answer 17

to standard octagon electrical boxes or directly to controlled lighting.

Question 18

is a drawing and list that indicates the devices to be used, the location of the electrical devices, and wiring methods.

Answer 18

electrical plan

Question 19

Electrical plans indicate the use of switches, lights, and receptacle with ______.

Answer 19

Symbols

Question 20

Understanding _____ is the key to understanding electrical plans.

Answer 20

electrical device symbols

Question 21

What does a good electrical plan include?

Answer 21

the location of all major electrical devices and connections

Question 22

These are also used to determine the number of openings in walls and ceilings and to estimate the amount of wire and conduit that is required for the job.

Answer 22

Electrical plans

Question 23

A complete electrical plan or set of plans is developed into two main parts:

Answer 23

Component plans and wiring plans

Question 24

Is a group of schedules that state the required locations for receptacles, lights, and switches according to the NEC and local codes.

Answer 24

Component plan

Question 25

Is a list of electrical equipment indicating manufacturer, specifications, and the number of room or area.

Answer 25

component list

Question 26

A partial component list is a _____.

Answer 26

component schedule

Question 27

a drawing that indicates the placement of all electrical devices and components and the wiring required to connect all the equipment into circuits.

Answer 27

Wiring plan

Question 28

What is the purpose of a wiring plan?

Answer 28

The purpose of a wiring plan is to group individual electrical devices into specific circuits.

Question 29

Are the basis for all electrical work performed at a residence.

Answer 29

electrical plan

Question 30

A wiring plan is essential when determining the number of components per circuit (load) and the best route for ___.

Answer 30

wire

Question 31

Time spent studying a wiring plan aids in anticipating problems and reducing__________.

Answer 31

The amount of materials required.

Question 32

What do slash marks indicate?

Answer 32

Slash marks indicate the number of conducting wires in cables or conduit.

Question 33

What does an arrow symbolize?

Answer 33

The circuit connection to the service panel

Question 34

Indicate the size of wire that must be used and the amount of overload protection that must be provided. The specifications set by manufacturers must agree with or surpass the standards of NEC.

Answer 34

Manufacturer specs

Question 35

Electrical components are installed in locations typically shown on the ______.

Answer 35

Floor plans

Question 36

Can help to clarify the approximate location of all switches, receptacles, and light fixtures.

Answer 36

Isometric drawing (construction layout)

Question 37

Component layouts are directly coordinated to the _______________ which includes the stud and walls and electrical boxes.

Answer 37

actual construction layout

Question 38

Is a drawing that indicates how the component parts of a circuit will be connected to one another and where the wires will be run.

Answer 38

Electrical layouts

Question 39

In many cases, wire runs shown at right angles on the wiring layout could have been run diagonally in the room to ______, which results in _______.

Answer 39

conserve wire | lower insulation costs

Question 40

Provide key points for the construction of an electrical circuit by providing detailed representations of how each component is actually wired into the system.

Answer 40

Exploded views

Question 41

When component wiring is duplicated, the component can be given a _________ to indicate the device is wired exactly the same way.

Answer 41

letter designation

Question 42

Although it is assumed that conduit is being used in most construction layouts, all circuits can be wired with _______ or ______.

Answer 42

metallic sheathed cable | non metallic cable

Question 43

Electrical connections must be what?

Answer 43

mechanically and electrically secure

Question 44

What solder is commonly used in electrical work?

Answer 44

an alloy of 60% and 40% lead.

Question 45

The amount of __ determines the strength of the solder and the amount of __ determine the melting point of the solder.

Answer 45

lead

Question 46

Is added to solder to clean metal surfaces and ensure the solder adheres to the metal surface. Removes oxides and other small impurities from metal surfaces to improve connection.

Answer 46

Flux

Question 47

What are the two most common types of solder?

Answer 47

Rosin core and Acid core

Question 48

Is preferred on small electrical applications because the flux is contained within the solder.

Answer 48

Rosin core solder

Question 49

Must never be used on electrical connections because it corrodes electrical connections.

Answer 49

acid core

Question 50

Plastic tape, which insulates against voltages up to ___ per wrap, is typically used for residential wiring.

Answer 50

600 V

Question 51

Are designed to hold several electrical wires firmly together and to provide an insulating cover for the connection.

Answer 51

Wire nuts

Question 52

What determines the size of a wire nut?

Answer 52

The size of a wire nut is determined by the number and size of wires (conductors) to be connected.

Question 53

What is used to indicate the maximum number of conductors allowed per connection?

Answer 53

color coding

Question 54

Is a preprinted peel-off sticker designed to adhere to insulation when wrapped around a conductor. Resist moisture, dirt, and oil and are used to identify conductors that have the same color but different uses.

Answer 54

Wire marker

Question 55

The joining of two or more electrical conductors by mechanically twisting the conductors together or by using a special splicing device. Must be able to withstand any reasonable mechanical strain that might be placed on the connection.

Answer 55

Splices

Question 56

A measurement of the amount of current a wire can carry safely.

Answer 56

Wire amperage

Question 57

What are typical residential wire splices?

Answer 57

pigtail, western union, T-tap, and portable cord splices

Question 58

Splice is made by twisting two ends of wire together.

Answer 58

pigtail splice

Question 59

What must be done when a pigtail splice is taped?

Answer 59

The ends must be bent over so the sharp wire points do not penetrate the tape.

Question 60

Is a splice that is used when the connection must be strong enough to support long lengths of heavy wire.

Answer 60

Western Union splice

Question 61

In the 1800s, western union splices were used to repair what?

Answer 61

telephone wires

Question 62

Is a splice that allows a connection to be made without cutting the main wire. One of the most difficult splices to perform correctly.

Answer 62

T-tap splices

Question 63

is a weak splice because there is no connector to hold the conductors together. Electrified tape cannot be used so the splice must retain the insulation and outer covering properties of the portable cable.

Answer 63

Portable cord splice

Question 64

Portable cords with stranded wires can be spliced if the conductors are ______ or larger.

Answer 64

14 AWG

Question 65

Is required to protect splices from oxidation and to insulate individuals against electrical shock. Provides insulative protection up to 600V

Answer 65

Taping

Question 66

Once the decision to solder an electrical splice has been made and the insulation has been stripped of wire, the splice should be soldered as soon as possible. Why?

Answer 66

The longer the metal conductor is exposed to dirt and air, the greater the oxidation present on the wire, and the less chance an individual has of achieving a properly soldered connection.

Question 67

How are metal surfaces of conductors normally cleaned?

Answer 67

With light sandpaper, emery loth, or by applying flux surfaces.

Question 68

Solder is typically in what form?

Answer 68

Wire form

Question 69

What is typically used to solder?

Answer 69

Soldering gun, soldering iron, or propane torch

Question 70

Is used to solder large wires or when there is no electricity at the jobsite.

Answer 70

Propane torch

Question 71

Individuals must apply sold to the splice on the ____ of the point where heat is being applied.

Answer 71

side opposite

Question 72

Is a device used to join wires firmly without the use of solder.

Answer 72

solderless connector

Question 73

Split-bolt connectors, screw terminals, back-wired connectors, wire nuts, and crimp connectors.

Answer 73

solderless connectors

Question 74

Is a solderless mechanical connection used for joining large cables.

Answer 74

Split-bolt connector

Question 75

Must be made of the same material as the conductors to prevent corrosion.

Answer 75

Split-bolt connector

Question 76

When dealing with screw terminals since wiring is always attached to electrical equipment with right-handed screws, the wire should be bent around the screw in a _____.

Answer 76

clockwise direction

Question 77

Is a mechanical connection method used to secure wires to the backs of switches and receptacles.

Answer 77

Quick connectors

Question 78

How do you remove a wire from a back-wired quick connector?

Answer 78

A screw driver must be inserted into the spring opening next to the connection.

Question 79

For the most effective use of wire nuts the wires must be twisted together in what direction?

Answer 79

clockwise

Question 80

How are stranded and solid wires connected together?

Answer 80

When solid and stranded wires are joined together, the solid wire is bent over the stranded wire.

Question 81

Is an electrical device that is used to join wires together or to serve as terminal ends for screw connections.

Answer 81

crimp connector

Question 82

Are less expensive and are used where there is no danger of shorting the connector or metal surface.

Answer 82

Non insulated crimp connector

Question 83

When working with crimp connectors, identification can be a problem, to avoid confusion what is done?

Answer 83

a wire marker is used to identify each conductor

Question 84

What are the three requirements for solder to adhere properly?

Answer 84

The parts to be solder must be cleaned, fluxed, and hot enough to melt solder for the solder to properly adhere.

Question 85

Are typically caused by insufficient heat during soldering or the parts being moved after the solder is applied before cooling.

Answer 85

cold solder joints

Question 86

What is a heat sink or alligator clip?

Answer 86

Is placed between the soldered connection point and component that requires protection. Semi-conductors components such as transistors, and ICs, are very sensitive to heat. This prevents damage.