Chapter 2.4

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Deoxyribose is the sugar

Question 2

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 2

DNA are made up of nucleotides which consists of a phosphate, a sugar (deoxyribose), And nitrogenous Base.
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Question 3

What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? How do you pair them?

Answer 3

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.

• the Base pairing rule is that Adenine goes with thymine, and cytosine goes with guanine.

Question 4

DNA is a double helix structure… What does this mean?

Answer 4

DNA Molecules appear in a spiral ladder or double helix. The rungs of the spiral ladder is a nitrogenous Base and the frame/backbone of the spiral is the sugar and phosphate group. Are joined together by hydrogen bonds.

Question 5

What does a triplet code mean?

Answer 5

Sequencing 3 nucleotides in a DNA segment is called a triplet.
A triplet codes for an amino acid which is an organic compound that contains both a carbonyl and amino chemical group and are the building blocks of protein.

Proteins include enzymes, hormones, antibodies etc

If one triplet is incorrect (or a Base in the sequence is incorrect) or missing then it may produce a different amino acid which won’t make the right protein - can result in death.

GAT - Guanine, Adenine and Thymine