Chapter 24 Middle Adults (35 To 65)

Question 0

According to Piaget 35-60 years of age you are in which cognitive development stage?

Answer 0

Formal operations

Question 1

What are some changes that decrease in physical development?

Answer 1

Metabolism declines
Gastric secretions 
Skin turgor (fluid loss)
Melanin in hair
Calcium/bone density 
Visual acuity (near vision)
Auditory acuity (high pitched)
Blood vessel elasticity 
Glucose tolerance

Question 2

What are four cognitive development expectations during middle adulthood?

Answer 2

1. Reaction time and speed of performance slow slightly.
2. Memory is intact
3. Crystallized intelligence remains (stored knowledge)
4. Fluid intelligence (learning new things) declines slightly.

Question 3

Cognitive Development. List three moral development expeditions during middle adulthood.

Answer 3

Spiritual beliefs and religion may take added importance
May become more secure in their convictions (their own way)
Often have advanced moral development

Question 4

According to Erkison psychosocial development, middle adults mush achieve what to feel accomplished?

Answer 4

Generatively vs stagnation

Question 5

Middle adults strive for generativity. What are some ways an adult can reach generativity?

Answer 5

Uses life as a opportunity for creativity and productivity
Have concern for others
Consider parenting an important task
Contribute to well-being of next generation

Question 6

What are some issues related to self concept development for middle adults?

Answer 6

Menopause, sexuality, depression, irritability, difficulty with sexual identity, marital changes and ability to provide support.

Question 7

When it comes to health promotion, what are alterations in health middle adults especially at risk for?

Answer 7

Obesity (type 2 diabetes)
Cardiovascular disease
Cancer
Substance disorders
Psychosocial stressors

Question 8

What are steps that should be taken for middle adults in health promotion?

Answer 8

Know health risks for age group
Immunizations
Health screenings 
Nutrition 
Injury prevention.

Question 10

What recommendations should a nurse make regarding Immunizations for middle adults?

Answer 10

Varicella
Herpes zoster (shingles)
Seasonal flu shoot

Question 11

When talking about health promotion what screenings should older adults follow?

Answer 11

Age related guidelines

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) for osteoporosis
Eye exam for glaucoma
Mental health screening.

Question 12

What factors other then gastrointestinal alterations influence nutrition in older adults?

Answer 12

Difficulty getting to supermarket
Low income
Impaired mobility
Depression/dementia 
Social isolation (eating alone)
Medications that get taste or appetite
Prescribed diets unappealing 
Constipation

Question 13

What vitamins should older adults increase?

Answer 13

Vitamin D, B12, E, Folate, Fiber and Calcium.

Question 14

Why would older adults need to increase fluid intake?

Answer 14

To minimize risk of dehydration and prevent constipation.

Question 15

What are some psychosocial interventions to improve self-concept and alleviate social isolation?

Answer 15

Therapeutic communication
Touch
Therapy
Attending to physical appearance 
Assistive devices (canes, hearing aids)

Question 16

What are some precautions older adults can take to prevent injury prevention?

Answer 16

Install bath rails
Remove throw rugs
No clutter
Teach clients about safe med use 
Wearing eyeglasses and hearing aids