Chapter 25:2 nuclear transformations Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the force that acts between all nuclear particles that are extremely close together?
Nuclear force
How many nuclei are known?
1500+
How many nuclei are stable?
264
What shows where protons and neutrons are mostly stable?
Band of stability
What determines the type of decay ?
Neutron to proton ratio
What is the particle with the mass of an electron but a positive charge?
Positron
All nuclei with an atomic number greater than what are radioactive?
83
What is half life? (T1/2)
Time required for one half of the nuclei to decay to products
Why does medicine need to have a short half life?
So there is not a radiation hazard
What is the conversion of an atom of one element into an atom of another element?
Transmutation
How can transmutation occur?
- Radioactive decay
2. When particles bombard the nucleus
Are transmutations common in natures
Yes
Who discovered the proton in 1919 from transmutation?
Ernest Rutherford
Elements above 92 in atomic numbers are what?
Transuranium elements
Are transuranium elements radioactive?
Yes
Who has the largest accelerators
Cren it’s called the large hadron collider
When does beta decay occur?
Too many neutrons
When does alpha decay occur?
Too big
When do positron emission and electron capture occur?
When there are too few neutrons
How many protons do all atoms have , besides hydrogen?
2+
What happens to the atomic number during alpha decay?
+1
What happens to the atomic number during beta decay?
-2
What happens to the atomic number during gamma rays?
None its energy
What happens to the atomic number during positron emissions and electron capture?
-1
