Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathophysiology > Chapter 25 structure and function of cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Chapter 25 structure and function of cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

***What is the function of circulatory system?

A

-Main function is to transport
-Deliver o2 and nutrients to the tissues
-Circulates electrolytes and hormones
-Transport immune substances that contribute to the body defense mechanism
But it also carries out waste products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the circulatory system circulate?

A

Electrolytes and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the circulatory system deliver?

A

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the circulatory system carry?

A

-Waste
-Nutrients
-O2
-blood
-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the circulatory system regulate?

A

helps regulate temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which ventricle is anterior?

A

Right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which ventricle is posterier ?

A

Left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the heart layers?

A

-Endocardium
-Myocardium
-Pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe Endocardium?

A

-Where the pockets of blood are
-Innermost layer
-Flexible, fibrous connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe myocardium

A

-Gives heart pumping action
-Cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe pericardium?

A

-wrapper layer
-outtermost layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the pericardial cavity?

A

-Space between visceral pericardium
-Envelope/wrapper like
- Contains fluid to provode lubercation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do the heart valves do?

A

Regulate blood flow through the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is the (Right) Tricuspid valve located

A

Between right atrium and right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the (right) Pulmonic valve located?

A

Right ventricle and pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the (left) mitral valve located?

A

Between left atrium and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is the (left) Aortic valve located?

A

Left ventricle and the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the cardiac cycle?

A

Term used to describe rhythmic pumping of the heart? (lub dub sound?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are two parts to the cardiac cycle?

A

-Systole
-Diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens during systole?

A

Ventricles are contracting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happens during diastole?

A

Ventricles are relaxing and being filled with blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

blood pressure is the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How is blood pressure calculated?

A

Blood pressure is calculated by cardiac output x pulmonary vascular resistance
co X pvr
Cardiac output x Pulmonary vascular resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do you calculate Cardiac Output?

A

Stroke volume x heart rate
SV x HR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is cardiac output?
The measurement of the amount of blood the heart pumps each minute
26
How do you calculate Pulmonary vascular resistance ?
Afterload
27
What are the two values of blood pressure?
Systolic and diastolic
28
Where is systolic and diastolic located?
Systolic-numerator diastolic- denominator
29
What is systolic pressure?
Pressure against arterial wall during conractions
30
What is diastolic pressure?
measures the pressure when your heart is in its resting phase,
31
What is heart rate?
The number of times the heart beats each minute
32
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood being pumped with each bump
33
What is pulmonary vascular resistance?
The resistance of the pulmonary artery to blood flow from left atrium
34
**Workload of heart What is preload?
Preload is Ventricular filling - The measurement of ventricles filling up -Blood coming from the body to fill and stretch ventricles -End volume pressure that stretches right or left ventricle
35
**Workload of heart What is afterload?
Afterload is resistance -The pressure generated in the left ventricle needed to pump the blood out of the heart
36
**Workload of heart What is cardiac contractility?
The ability for the heart to contraction without changing its resting (disatole)
37
What is hemodynamics?
How blood flows in the circulatory system
38
**Composition of blood vessels What is the Tunica externa?
-Fibrous and connective tissue that supports the vessels -wrapper vessel and outermost
39
**Composition of blood vessels What is tunica media?
-Responsible for vascular tone -smooth muscle -Constricts to regulate and control diameter of the vessel
40
**Composition of blood vessels What is the Tunica intima ?
-Hooked on to blood flow -Thin layer, endothelial cells
41
**Circulatory system What is circulatory system?
Closed system where the heart consists of two pumps in series Consists of Arterial and Venous
42
what is aterial pressure?
pressure measured within large arteries in the systemic circulation -Higher pressure -90-100mm/hg -This would include systemic circulation
43
What is venous pressure?
the vascular pressure in a vein or the atria of the heart -lower pressure -12mm hg -Pressure inside your veins -This would include pulmonary circulation
44
**Local control of blood flow What is auto regulation?
-The body changes tone of vessel to get blood where it needs to go -Happens due to changes in the blood vessel tone because changes in the flow through the vessel or by local factors
45
What can autoregulation be caused by?
-Lack 02 -Hypermia -endothelial control -accumulation of tissue metabolites
46
**Local control of blood flow What is long term ?
-If short term doesn’t work,body will create long term effects
47
What can happen in long term ?
The body can create new vessels, collateral circulation, anastomotic channels
48
**Microcirculation What do arteries and arterioles function as?
Distribution system to move blood to tissue (high pressure system ) -Move blood away from the heart to tissues
49
What is the function of capillaries ?
Work as an exchange system - transfers gases,nutrients, and waste takes place (smallest)
50
What’s the function of venues and veins
Serve as collection and storage vessels that return blood to the heart (low pressure system ) -Moves blood to the heart
51
**Arterial system Describes arteries
-stretch during a cardiac systole and recoil during diastole -Thick walled vessels with large amounts of elastic
52
**arterial system Describe arterioles
-Serve as resistance vessels of circulatory system -act as control value through which blood is released as it moves into capillaries
53
What's the function if capillaries?
-Connect the arterial and venous segments -Interstitial fluid exchange -Controlled by hydrostatic and osmotic pressure
54
describe lymphatic system
-Main route for absorption of nutrients -Filters fluid at lymph nodes, and removes foreign particles such as bactersi -Anything that is left behind is picked up by the lymphatic tissue -Lymph is derived from interstitial fluid
55
Function of lymphatic system?
Filters fluid @lymph node and remove foreign particles
56
** neural control of circulatory function Where is the neural control of circulatory function located?
Medulla oblongata
57
** neural control of circulatory function What is the vasomotor center?
Contains controlling sympathetic- mediated acceleration of heart rate and blood vessel tone
58
** neural control of circulatory function What is the cardioinhibitory center?
Contains the third, which controls parasympathetic mediated slowing of heart rate
59
** Autonomic nervous system What does sympathetic do
Controls smooth muscle tone of blood vessels -Norepinephrine is neurotransmitter
60
** Autonomic nervous system What does parasympathetic do?
Regulates heart function but not the blood vessels Acetylecoline- neurotransmitter
61
What does the central nervous system do?
Regulates vasomotor tone and blood pressure to the brain
62
What is the cardiac conduction system?
Electricity component of heart
63
Order of electrical pulse?
1.) SA node(pace maker of heart. 60-100 hb) 2.)Av node(40-60hb) 3.) Bundle of his(20 hb) 4.) right and left bundle branches(20 hb) 5.) Purkinje fibers( 20 hb)
64
What is noepinerine
vasoconstrictor
65
What is angiotensin ll
Most powerful vasoconstrictor
66
What is serotonin?
vasoconstrictor IMportant role in controlling bleeding
67
What is prostagladins
vasoconstrictor and vasodilate
68
What is epinephrine?
Some vasoconstriction and dilate
69
What is histamine?
Vasodilate
70
What is bradykinn
Intense vasodilation of arteries, permeability, constriction of venules

Pathophysiology (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions