Chapter 26

Question 1

True or False: The cystic duct allows bile to enter and exit the gallbladder

Answer 1

true

Question 2

The first part of mechanical digestion is…

Answer 2

mastication

Question 3

The stomach is lined by a…

Answer 3

simple columnar epithelium

Question 4

The type of digestion that uses enzymes to break down material into smaller molecules is called ____________ digestion.

Answer 4

chemical

Question 5

Check all that are a function of the esophagus.
-Nutrient absorption
-Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
-Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

Answer 5

-Movement of a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach.
-Prevent materials from returning from the stomach.

Question 6

Which region of the pharynx is most inferior?

Answer 6

laryngopharynx

Question 7

Hard material; ensheaths the root of the tooth

Answer 7

cementum

Question 8

Harder than bone; forms the mass of the tooth

Answer 8

dentin

Question 9

Connective tissue in the center of the tooth

Answer 9

pulp

Question 10

Hardest substance in the body; forms the crown

Answer 10

enamel

Question 11

The _______ _______ controls passage of material from the ileum to the cecum.

Answer 11

ileocecal valve

Question 12

Which of the following secretions of the stomach helps denature proteins and facilitate chemical digestion?
-hydrochloric acid
-gastrin
-intrinsic factor
-acidic mucin

Answer 12

-hydrochloric acid

Question 13

surface mucous cells secrete…

Answer 13

mucin

Question 14

mucous neck cells secrete…

Answer 14

acidic mucin

Question 15

parietal cells secrete…

Answer 15

hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

Question 16

chief cells secrete…

Answer 16

pepsinogen

Question 17

Enteroendocrine cells secrete…

Answer 17

gastrin

Question 18

true or false: Absorption is the process of producing and releasing mucin or fluids such as acid, bile, and digestive enzymes.

Answer 18

false

Question 19

Originates at the right colic flexure; is intraperitoneal

Answer 19

transverse colon

Question 20

Terminates at the rectum; is intraperitoneal

Answer 20

sigmoid colon

Question 21

Originates at the ileocecal valve; is retroperitoneal

Answer 21

ascending colon

Question 22

Originates at the left colic flexure; is retroperitoneal

Answer 22

descending colon

Question 23

The common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems is the…

Answer 23

pharynx

Question 24

Check all that are characteristics of the esophagus.
-The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
-It is composed entirely of smooth muscle.
-The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.
-it is located almost entirely in the abdomen.

Answer 24

-The mucosa is composed of thick, nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
-The two layers of muscle in the superior one-third of the muscularis are skeletal.

Question 25

Nutrients move across GI tract epithelium

Answer 25

absorption

Question 26

Involves the process of defecation

Answer 26

elimination of wastes

Question 27

Producing and releasing digestive enzymes

Answer 27

secretion

Question 28

Which of the following regions of the large intestine is a muscular tube that expands to store accumulated material prior to defecation, and terminates at the anal canal?

Answer 28

rectum

Question 29

Which region of the small intestine is where most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs?

Answer 29

jejunum

Question 30

Controls entry of materials into the large intestine

Answer 30

ileum

Question 31

Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

Answer 31

jejunum

Question 32

Receives bile and pancreatic juice

Answer 32

duodenum

Question 33

What is the function of bile? -Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion -Assist in the digestion of starches -Prevent the digested material from becoming too acidic -Denature proteins to assist in their absorption

Answer 33

-Break down fats to assist in their chemical digestion