Chapter 26

Question 1

Abrasions

Answer 1

an area of skin that has been superficially scraped, creating a wound, also, tooth wear associated with chewing on objects, such as rocks, ice cubes, toys, and bones

Question 2

Carpal flexion sling

Answer 2

forelimb sling used in small animals that flexes the wrist joint and is used to protect flexor tendon repair and prevent weight bearing while allowing movement of the elbow and the shoulder

Question 3

Collagen

Answer 3

proteins that make up most of the skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and other connective tissue

Question 4

Contralateral

Answer 4

the opposite side

Question 5

Dead space

Answer 5

space between tissues created b a wound, allowing accumulation of fluid

Question 6

Debridement

Answer 6

to cleanse by removal of lacerated, devitalized, or contaminated tissue

Question 7

Decubitus ulcers

Answer 7

Pressure sores that develop when an animal lies on a bony prominence for too long

Question 8

Degloving injury

Answer 8

injury typically to the distal limb, which a large section of skin is torn off the underlying tissue in a glove-like fashion

Question 9

Ehmer sling

Answer 9

pelvic limb sling used in small animals that prevents weight bearing and helps force the femoral head into the acetabulum by abduction and internal rotation of the femur

Question 10

Epithelialization

Answer 10

process of wound coverage by epithelial cells during the final stage of the proliferative phase of wound heaing

Question 11

External coaptation

Answer 11

use of a rigid external device such as a bandage, splint, or cast to align fractures

Question 12

Extracellular matrix

Answer 12

meshwork-like substance attached tot he outer cell surface that provides support and anchorage

Question 13

Exuberant granulation tissue

Answer 13

excessive formation of vascularized fibrous tissue in an open wound, Granulation tissue is considered exuberant when it grows above the level of the skin

Question 14

Fibroblasts

Answer 14

cells that are recruited into a wound during the proliferative phase of wound healing that help from granulation tissue

Question 15

Granulation tissue

Answer 15

Vascularized fibrous tissue that covers a full-thickness skin wound if the wound is left to heal by a second intention

Question 16

Hydrophilic

Answer 16

having an affinity for water, soluble in water,

Question 17

Hypertonic

Answer 17

having an osmolality higher than that of blood

Question 18

Inflammatory phase

Answer 18

the first phase of wound healing. Characterized by formation of a blood clot within the wound, release of growth factors, and recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils to clean up the wound and to modulate healing

Question 19

Inguinal

Answer 19

pertaining to the groin area

Question 20

Isotonic

Answer 20

having the same osmolality as that of blood

Question 21

Lacerations

Answer 21

sharp cut or tear through the skin and possibly deeper tissue

Question 22

Maturation Phase

Answer 22

the third and final phase of wound healing. Collagen fibers remodel and align, and there is a final gain in wound strength

Question 23

Modified Robert Jones bandage

Answer 23

Bandage that is similar to a robert jones bandage but with a much thinner secondary layer

Question 24

Modified Thomas splint

Answer 24

Traction splint constructed of rods: used to stabilize long-bone fractures in large animals

Question 25

Moist wound healing

Answer 25

maintaining a moist wound environment by using an occlusive or semi-occlusive primary bandage layer

Question 26

Myofibroblast

Answer 26

type of fibroblast with contractile properties similar to those of smooth muscle cells, which are responsible for wound contraction

Question 27

Non-adherent dressing

Answer 27

primary layer that does not adhere firmly to the wound surface

Question 28

Occlusive

Answer 28

impermeable to moisture. used in reference to bandage materials. an occlusive primary layer is used for moist wound healing

Question 29

Primary closure

Answer 29

surgical closure of a fresh, clean wound, leading to primary intention healing

Question 30

Primary intention wound healing

Answer 30

Healing of a wound across a surgically closed incision

Question 31

Proliferative phase

Answer 31

The second phase of wound healing, characterized by invasion of fibroblasts, formation of granulation tissue, deposition of collagen, epithialization across healthy granulation tissue, and wound contraction by myofibroblasts

Question 32

Reepithelialization

Answer 32

regrowth of epithelial cells over a wound. Cells advance in a single layer across the wound until they meet in the middle when migration stops as the result of contact inhibition

Question 33

Robert Jones Bandage

Answer 33

distal limb bandage for which a large amount of rolled cotton is used: aids in immobilization of fractures. Rigid material can be incorporated into this bandage

Question 34

Second intention healing

Answer 34

healing of a wound by granulation tissue formation, epithelialization, and contraction

Question 35

Secondary closure

Answer 35

wound that has formed healthy granulation tissue and is then closed by apposing the skin over the granulation tissue

Question 36

Semi-occlusive

Answer 36

allowing air and moisture to move through. Used in reference to bandage materials. A semi-occlusive primary layer is used for moist wound healing

Question 37

Spica splint

Answer 37

full-limb bandage, including a lateral splint that reaches over the shoulder or hip that is used to aid in immobilization

Question 38

Third intention wound healing

Answer 38

healing of a wound that has already formed granulation tissue and undergone secondary closer

Question 39

Velpeau sling

Answer 39

non-weight bearing forelimb sling that flexes the entire limb; primarily used for medical shoulder luxation