Chapter 27 Flashcards
Italy during interwar period
Invades Ethiopia to test League for nations
Germany during interwar
Invasion of Rhineland, against Treaty of Versaile, and Rome Berlin Axis, political/military alliance between Italy/Germany.
What was Anschluss?
Takeover of Austria through vote on 1938
What was the Munich Agreement?
Example of appeasement: Germany, Britain, France, and Italy, allowing Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. Where no more expansion afterwards. later broken, and Chamberlain did not prevent war
What was Blitzkrieg?
Lightning war, fast invasion of Poland and France
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo
Alliance to Germany- Japan and Italy. Japan wanted to take over Pacific and Germany wanted to take over Europe.
What was Us Involvement in WW2
Lend Lease Act 1941, military aid and supplies to Allied nations. Help allies without going directly to war.
Atlantic Charter 1941, Self determination, free trade, and peace after war. Pledge not to seek territorial expansion and promote democratic values and set stage for United Nations.
Pearl Harbor 1941, Surprise attack to cripple US Pacific fleet. Made US join WW2, declared war on Japan, and Axis Power
Who is Winston Churchill?
Prime minister and leader of Britain war time policy. Led Britain through its darkest hours, especially during the Blitz and the Battle of Britain.
Refused to surrender to Nazi Germany; delivered powerful speeches
What happened to France during WW2?
Germany blitzkrieg led to a rapid invasion and take over of France on the Eastern side.
What was Evucation of Dunkrik?
330,000 soldiers were rescued, and British Civilians used small boats to help soldiers across English Channel
Soviet union during ww2
Initially signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Germany (1939), dividing Eastern Europe.
Germany broke the pact with Operation Barbarossa (June 1941), invading the USSR.
Soviet Union became part of the Allied Powers.
Fought major battles like Stalingrad (1942–43), a turning point in the war.
Suffered the highest casualties of any nation (~20 million).
Red Army pushed west, eventually capturing Berlin in 1945.
After the war, the USSR occupied Eastern Europe, setting the stage for the Cold War.
Germany in WW2
Led by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party.
Germany’s invasion of Poland (1939) triggered the start of WWII.
Used Blitzkrieg tactics to quickly conquer much of Europe (France, Norway, Belgium, Netherlands).
Tehran Conference
1943:Joseph Stallin, Franklin Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill, agreement for cross-channel invasion of FRance to open Western front against Germany. Stalin offensive against Germany from East. Creation of United Nations.
Yalta Conference
Soviet union, US, and UK; Division of Germany into four occupation zones (Soviet, American, British, French).
Agreement to create the United Nations to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars.
Stalin agreed to enter the war against Japan after the defeat of Germany.
Discussions on the future of Eastern Europe, particularly the Soviet sphere of influence
Potsdam Conference
Finalizing the division of Germany into four zones of occupation (American, British, French, Soviet).
Berlin was also divided into four sectors.
Agreement on the demilitarization and denazification of Germany.
Truman informed Stalin of the atomic bomb tested in the U.S.
Holocaust
Genocide of Jews in ghettos, concentration camps, and execution.Held in Auschwitz where more than 1 million murdered through gas chambers.
What was the New Racial Order?
Superiority of the Aryan race, which justified persecution of Jews. Created homogenous empire,
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
1935:Legally segregate Jews from the rest of the population. No sexual relations with Aryans, stripped of citizenship.
Neil Bohr
Atomic structure and quantum mechanics. Borhs model of atoms 1913
Lost Generation
Gertrude Stein: Writers felt betrayal from society after witnessing the war.
Albert Einstein
Theory of Relativity,
