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chapter 28 - assessment of hematologic function and treatment modalities > CHAPTER 28 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 28 Flashcards

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1
Q

decreased RBC count

A

Anemia

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2
Q

slightly immature neutrophil

A

band cell

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3
Q

Primitive WBC

A

Blast cell

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4
Q

development of functions and characteristics that are different from those of the parent stem cell

A

differentiation

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5
Q

proteins produced by leukocytes that are vital to regulation of hematopoiesis

A

Cytokines

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6
Q

a cellular component of blood involved in transport of oxygen and CO2

A

Erythrocyte or RBC

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7
Q

process of formation of RBC

A

erythropoiesis

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8
Q

hormones produced by kidneys necessary for erythropoiesis

A

erythropoietin

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9
Q

filamentous protein; basis of thrombus and blood clot

A

fibrin

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10
Q

protein converted into fibrin to form thrombus and clot

A

fibrinogen

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11
Q

process of breakdown of fibrin clot

A

fibrinolysis

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12
Q

Granulated WBC (neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil)

A

granulocyte

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13
Q

percentage of total blood volume consisting of RBC

A

hematocrit

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14
Q

complex process of the formation of maturation of blood cells

A

hematopoiesis

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15
Q

iron-containing protein of RBC; delivers oxygen to tissues

A

hemoglobin

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16
Q

intricate balance between clot formation and clot dissolution

A

hemostasis

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17
Q

one of several cellular components of blood involved in defense in the body; subtypes include neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocyte and lymphocytes

A

Leukocyte or WBC

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18
Q

less than normal amount of WBC in the circulation

A

leukopenia

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19
Q

form of WBC involved in immune function

A

lymphocyte

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20
Q

pertaining to lymphocyte

A

lymphoid

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21
Q

reticuloendothelial cell capable of phagocytosis

A

monocyte

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22
Q

pertaining to nonlymphoid blood cells that differentiate into RBCs, platelets, macrophages, mast cells, and various WBC

A

Myeloid

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23
Q

formation and maturation of cells derived from myeloid stem cell

A

myelopoiesis

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24
Q

lymphocytes that defend against microorganisms and malignant cells

A

Natural killer cells (NK)

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25
fully mature WBC capable of phagocytosis; primary defense against bacterial infection
neutrophil
26
combined form of oxygen and hemoglobin; primarily found in arterial blood
Oxyhemoglobin
27
process of cellular ingestion and digestion of foreign bodies
phagocytosis
28
liquid portion of the blood
plasma
29
protein converted to plasmin to dissolve thrombi and clots
plasminogen
30
a cellular component of blood involved if coagulation
thrombocyte or platelet
31
slightly immature RBCS, usually 1% of total circulating RBC
reticulocyte
32
complex system of cells throughout the body capable of phagocytosis
reticuloendothelial cells
33
portion of blood remaining after coagulation occurs
serum
34
primitive cell, capable of self-replicating and differentiation into myeloid or lymphoid stem cell
stem cell
35
component of bone marrow not directly related to hematopoiesis but serves important roles in this process
stroma
36
- a specialized organ that differs from other organs in that it exist in a fluid state -composed of plasma and various type of cells which account for 7-9% of total blood volume
blood
37
55% of whole blood volume
plasma
38
-it is the site for hematopoiesis -one of the largest organ in the body, making up 4-5% of total body weight
Bone marrow
39
-cellular component of blood is consist of 3 primary cells make up to 40-45% of total blood volume
erythrocyte, leukocyte and thrombocyte
40
-consist primarily of hemoglobin, which contains iron and protein and make up 95% of the cell mass -no nuclei and have many fewer metabolic enzymes
mature erythrocytes
41
cell-mediated immunity; recognizes material as foreign
t-lymphocytes
42
Humoral immunity; forms antibodies
b-lymphocytes
43
normal erythrocyte
biconcave disc
44
total body iron content of the body
3g
45
required for the synthesis of DNA
vitamin B12 and folate
46
total leukocytes count
4,000 to 11,000 cells/mm3
47
bright red granules
eosinophils
48
deep blue stain granule
basophil
49
pink to violet stain
neutrophil
50
giant cells in the bone marrow is
megakaryocytes
51
is particularly important for the maintenance of fluid balance within the vascular system
albumin
52
normal lifespan of platelets
7 to 10 days
53
most common test used in hematologic studies
CBC and peripheral blood smear
54
platelets are restored in?
55
removal of certain amount of blood under controlled conditions
therapeutic phlebotomy
56
a single unit of whole blood contains how many ml?
450mL of blood and 50 mL anticoagulant
57
platelet is restored in?
at a room temperature because they cannot withstand cold temperature and they last for 5days before they must be discarded
58
plasma is restored in?
should be frozen; last for 1yr if it remains frozen
59
a lyophilized, fee-dried concentrate of pooled fractionated human plasma used in treating hemophilia A
factor VIII concentrate
60
a concentrated solution of antibody immunoglobulin (IgG), prepared from large pools of plasma
Immune globulin
61
This method of transfusion may be initiated after surgery. about 1 to 2 units of blood are removed from the patient and simultaneously replaced with a colloid or crystalloid and the blood obtained may be reinfused after
hemodilution
62
the whole blood or PRBCs are washed, often with saline; filtered and returned to the patient as an IV infusion
Intraoperative blood salvage
63
is caused by antibodies to donor leukocytes that remain in the unit of blood or blood component -chills and fever (after 2hrs of infusion)
febrile nonhemolytic anemia
64
most dangerous and life-threatening, type of reaction - blood donor is incompatible with the recipient -cause of errors in blood component labeling, clerical error, error in patient identification
acute hemolytic reaction
65
type of transfusion where in too much blood is infused too quickly, hypervolemia can occur. -s/s dyspnea, orthopnea, tachycardia, high bp, jugular vein distention
transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)
66
is a potentially fatal, idiosyncratic reaction that is defined as development of acute lung injury occurring within 6hrs after blood transfusion
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
67
occur within 14 days after transfusion, when the level of antibody has increased to the extent that a reaction can occur -s/s fever, anemia, increased bilirubin level, absent haptoglobin, possibly jaundice
Delayed hemolytic reaction
68
a rare fatal disease that causes irreversible brain damage
creutzfeldtz-jakob disease
69
diseases potentially transmitted by blood transfusions
CMV, HIV, AIDS, HEPATITIS, GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE (GVHD), CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE

chapter 28 - assessment of hematologic function and treatment modalities (2 decks)

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