Chapter 3

Question 1

what forces generate a wave?

Answer 1

wind, earthquakes, landslides, ice breaking off glaciers (not gravity)

Question 2

smallest wind-generated waves

Answer 2

capillary waves

Question 3

evenly spaced waves with smoothly rounded crests and troughs

Answer 3

swells

Question 4

most favorable conditions for wave formation

Answer 4

between 40-50 degrees South

Question 5

force that causes water surface to go back to undisturbed state

Answer 5

restoring

Question 6

a wave has two different types of energy

Answer 6

potential and kinetic

Question 7

the speed of shallow water depends on

Answer 7

depth

Question 8

distance between two consecutive crests or troughs

Answer 8

wavelength

Question 9

type of wave generated bu wind, restored by gravity, & travels in a particular direction

Answer 9

progressive wind waves

Question 10

tsunamis

Answer 10

shallow water waves caused by earthquakes

Question 11

internal waves can form

Answer 11

pycnoclines, haloclines, and thermoclines

Question 12

a standing waves

Answer 12

forms in closed bodies of water

Question 13

highest part or top of a wave

Answer 13

crest

Question 14

wave size is affected by the amount of open water, or the ____ that winds blow over

Answer 14

fetch

Question 15

tides are caused by

Answer 15

gravitational rotation and pull of the Earth, moon, and sun

Question 16

what causes high tides on the opposite side of the moon?

Answer 16

centrifugal force

Question 17

strongest influence on Earth’s tides

Answer 17

moon

Question 18

the highest that a tide rises in a day

Answer 18

high water level

Question 19

difference between the highest high tide and the lowest low tide

Answer 19

tidal range

Question 20

flood tide

Answer 20

a rising tide

Question 21

where are tidal bores most common?

Answer 21

shallow estuaries

Question 22

the largest tidal ranges are seen in

Answer 22

narrow basins

Question 23

spring tides are caused by

Answer 23

Gravitational attraction of the moon and the sun when in line during the full and new moon phases

Question 24

a full tidal cycle lasts

Answer 24

24 hrs, 50 min

Question 25

mixed semidiurnal tides

Answer 25

two daily high tides, one higher than the other

Question 26

prevents tides from moving as a single wave around the world

Answer 26

landmasses and features

Question 27

spring vs. neap tides

Answer 27

spring- sun and moon in line, gravitational effects add together, difference between high & low tides increases
neap- sun and moon at right angles, effects partially cancel, small difference between tides