Chapter 3

Question 1

(T or F)
Soil fertility is achieved by understanding what promotes and increases soil quality for optimal plant productivity.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Primary nutrients needed by plants are

Answer 2

nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

Question 3

Decomposed organic matter is called

Answer 3

compost

Question 4

___________take lots of nitrogen from the soil

Answer 4

Legumes

Question 5

_______ is the byproduct of steel manufacturing.

Answer 5

Slag

Question 6

_______________ are required in large amounts

Answer 6

Macronutrients

Question 7

_______________ are required in small amounts

Answer 7

Micronutrients

Question 8

Tiny clay and humus particles carrying a slight electrical charge are called _________________

Answer 8

soil colloids

Question 9

An anion is ___________

Answer 9

negatively charged

Question 10

A particle of silicate clay is called a

Answer 10

micelle

Question 11

A surface function where plants take nutrients out of the soil solution is called

Answer 11

absorption

Question 12

(T or F)
Soil Ph can either be acidic or alkaline.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Defined as the number of positive charges a sample of soil can hold

Answer 13

cation exchange capacity

Question 14

Are exchangeable cations exchanged easily?

Answer 14

exchanged very easily

Question 15

A circular arrangement of leaves is called

Answer 15

rosetting

Question 16

T or F?

Plants are autotrophic.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What nutrient is needed to make plant protein?

nitrogen

iron

potassium

magnesium

Answer 17

nitrogen

Question 18

A plant with a nitrogen deficiency has:

green leaves

stunted growth with yellowing leaves

healthy root system

tall green stem

Answer 18

stunted growth with yellowing leaves

Question 19

Magnesium is needed to make what in a plant

protein

chlorophyll

photosynthesis

Answer 19

chlorophyll

Question 20

When a plant has a potassium deficiency the leaves will look like.

green with yellow veins

yellow with yellow veins

green with green veins

yellow with green veins

Answer 20

yellow with green veins

Question 21

T or F?

Potassium is needed for a plant to have a healthy immune system.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Phosphate deficiency turns the veins in the leaves this color;

purple

blue

green

yellow

Answer 22

purple

Question 23

T or F ?

Hydroponics is a new agriculture practice where plant are grown in water instead of soil.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Stimulates early growth and root formation, hastens maturity, promotes seed production, makes plants hardy

Phosphorus
Potassium
Magnesium
Nitrogen
Calcium
Sulfur

Answer 24

Phosphorus

Question 25

Improves plant's ability to resist disease and cold, aids in the production of carbohydrates Phosphorus Potassium Magnesium Nitrogen Calcium Sulfur

Answer 25

Potassium

Question 26

An ingredient of chlorophyll. Aids in the translocation of starch within a plant, essential for formation of oils and fats Phosphorus Potassium Magnesium Nitrogen Calcium Sulfur

Answer 26

Magnesium

Question 27

Promotes rapid vegetative growth and gives plants healthy green color Phosphorus Potassium Magnesium Nitrogen Calcium Sulfur

Answer 27

Nitrogen

Question 28

Aids in the movement of carbohydrates in plants, essential to healthy cell walls and root structure Phosphorus Potassium Magnesium Nitrogen Calcium Sulfur

Answer 28

Calcium

Question 29

Aids in the formation of oils and parts of the protein molecules Phosphorus Potassium Magnesium Nitrogen Calcium Sulfur

Answer 29

Sulfur

Question 30

Promotes formation of Vitamin A, excess is very toxic Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 30

Copper

Question 31

Required by plants for use of nitrogen Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 31

Molybdenum

Question 32

Required in photosynthetic reactions of plants Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 32

Chlorine

Question 33

Essential for formation of chlorophyll, releases energy from sugars and starches Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 33

Iron

Question 34

An essential constituent of several important enzyme systems in plants. It controls the synthesis of indoleacetic acid, an important plant growth regulator. The micronutrient most often needed by western crops Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 34

Zinc

Question 35

Aids in the assimilation of calcium; amount required is extremely small Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 35

Boron

Question 36

Serves as an activator for enzymes in growth processes. Assists iron in chlorophyll formation. Generally required with zinc in foliar spraying of citrus Copper Molybdenum Chlorine Iron Zinc Boron Manganese

Answer 36

Manganese