Chapter 3

Question 1

Immunity developed after the body overcomes a disease, or through inoculation

Answer 1

Acquired Immunity

Question 2

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; a disease caused by the HIV virus that breaks down the body’s immune system

Answer 2

AIDS

Question 3

Chemical agents that may kill, retard, or prevent the growth of bacteria; not classified as disinfectants

Answer 3

Antiseptics

Question 4

Process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies so that they do not become contaminated by microorganisms until they are used on a client

Answer 4

Aseptic Procedure

Question 5

Showing no symptoms or signs of infection

Answer 5

Asymptomatic

Question 6

Apparatus for sterilization by steam under pressure

Answer 6

Autoclave

Question 7

Short, rod-shaped bacteria; the most common bacteria; produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria

Answer 7

Bacilli (singular: bacillus)

Question 8

One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics; some are harmful; also known as microbes or germs

Answer 8

Bacteria

Question 9

Capable of destroying bacteria

Answer 9

Bactericidal

Question 10

Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids

Answer 10

Blood borne pathogens

Question 11

Round bacteria that appear alone or in groups

Answer 11

Cocci

Question 12

Communicable or transmittable by contact

Answer 12

Contagious

Question 13

Substances that can cause contamination

Answer 13

Contaminants

Question 14

When an object or product has microorganisms in or on it

Answer 14

Contaminated

Question 15

Contamination that occurs when you touch an object, such as the skin, and then touch an object or product with the same hand or utensil

Answer 15

Cross-contamination

Question 16

Removal of pathogens and other substances from tools and surfaces

Answer 16

Decontamination

Question 17

Spherical bacteria that grows in pairs and causes diseases such as pneumonia

Answer 17

Diplococci

Question 18

Chemical agents used to destroy most bacteria and some viruses and to disinfect implements and surfaces

Answer 18

Disinfectants

Question 19

Second highest level of decontamination, nearly as effective as sterilization but does not kill bacterial spores; used on hard, nonporous surfaces

Answer 19

Disinfection

Question 20

Effectiveness

Answer 20

Efficacy

Question 21

Vegetable (plant) parasites, including molds, mildews, and yeasts

Answer 21

Fungi (singular: fungus)

Question 22

Capable of destroying fungi

Answer 22

Fungicidal

Question 23

Infection that results when the bloodstream carries bacteria or viruses and their toxins (poisons) to all parts of the body

Answer 23

General infection

Question 24

Disease marked by inflammation of the liver and caused by a bloodborne virus

Answer 24

Hepatitis

Question 25

Human immunodeficiency virus; virus that causes AIDS

Answer 25

HIV

Question 26

Ability of the body to destroy any bacteria that have gained entrance to the body and to resist infection in general

Answer 26

Immunity

Question 27

The invasion of body issues by disease causing (pathogenic) microorganisms; having evidence of pus

Answer 27

Infection

Question 28

Infection that is confirmed to a particular part of the body and is indicated by a lesion containing pus

Answer 28

Local infection

Question 29

Material Safety Data Sheet; information compiled by a manufacturer about its product, ranging from ingredient content and associated hazards to combustion levels and storage requirements

Answer 29

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Question 30

Microscopic plant or animal cell

Answer 30

Microorganism

Question 31

Natural resistance to disease, partly inherited and partly developed through hygienic living

Answer 31

Natural immunity

Question 32

Not harmful; not disease-producing

Answer 32

nonpathogenic

Question 33

Organism that lives in or on another organism and draws its nourishment from that organism

Answer 33

Parasite

Question 34

Causing disease; harmful

Answer 34

Pathogenic

Question 35

Carbolic acid; caustic poison; in 5 percent dilute solution is used to sanitize metallic implements

Answer 35

Phenol

Question 36

Capable of destroying Pseudomonas bacteria

Answer 36

Pseudomonacidal

Question 37

Fluid product of inflammation that contains white blood cells and the debris of dead cells, tissue elements, and bacteria

Answer 37

Pus

Question 38

Disinfectants that are considered nontoxic, odorless, and fast-acting

Answer 38

Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats)

Question 39

Third level of decontamination; significantly reducing the number of pathogens or disease-producing organisms found on a surface

Answer 39

Sanitation

Question 40

Contagious skin disease caused by an itch mite burrowing under the skin

Answer 40

Scabies

Question 41

Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that causes syphilis, Lyme disease, and other diseases

Answer 41

Spirilla

Question 42

Pus-forming bacteria that grows in clusters like a bunch of grapes; causes abscesses, pustules, and boils

Answer 42

Staphylococci

Question 43

Highest level of decontamination; completely kills every organism on a non porous surface

Answer 43

Sterilization

Question 44

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads; cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning

Answer 44

Streptococci

Question 45

Capable of destroying the bacteria that causes tuberculosis

Answer 45

Tuberculocidal

Question 46

Set of guidelines and controls, published by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and specified human body fluids are infectious for HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens

Answer 46

Universal Precautions

Question 47

Capable of destroying viruses

Answer 47

Virucidal

Question 48

Submicroscopic structure capable of infesting almost all plants and animals, including bacteria; infectious agent that lives only by penetrating cells and becoming part of them

Answer 48

Virus