Chapter 3

Question 0

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 0

Mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes. Mass remains constant throughout a reaction.

Question 1

Law of definite proportions

Answer 1

States that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by weight and mass

Question 2

Law of multiple proportions

Answer 2

When two elements combine to form two or more compounds, the mass of one element that combines with a given mass of the other is in the ratio of SMALL WHOLE NUMBERS

Question 3

The five principles of Dalton’s Theory

Answer 3

1. all matter is composed of small particles called atoms, which cannot be created, destroyed, or subdivided
2. Atoms of a given element are identical in their physical and chemical properties
3. Atoms of different elements differ in their physical and chemical properties
4. Atoms of different elements combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds
5. In chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged but NEVER created, destroyed, or changed