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Chemistry > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What make molecules?

A

Two or more atoms.

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2
Q

3 states of matter.

A

Solid, liquid, gas

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3
Q

Crystalline

A

Geometric pattern of atoms/molecules with long-range, repeating order.

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4
Q

Amorphous

A

Patterns of molecules/atoms with no long-range order.

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5
Q

What state of matter is compressible?

A

Gas.

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6
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Matter with only one type of molecule or atom.

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7
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Matter with two or more types of atoms or molecules.

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8
Q

What is an element?

A

A pure substance of one type of atom that can’t be broken down.

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9
Q

What is a compound?

A

A pure substance with two or more types of element.

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10
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

A mixture with more than two types of molecules or atoms that doesn’t mix.

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11
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A

A mixture with two or more types of atoms or molecules that has the same composition throughout.

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12
Q

What are the two properties that distinguish substances?

A
  1. Physical (doesn’t change the composition, just the appearance.)
  2. Chemical (does change the composition.)
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13
Q

What happens through a chemical reaction?

A

A chemical change.

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14
Q

Reactants

A

Substance present before a chemical reaction.

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15
Q

Product

A

The result of a chemical reaction.

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16
Q

Physical change

A

Different form of the same substance.

17
Q

Chemical Change

A

Completely new substance the result of a chemical reaction.

18
Q

What are the two main parts of the universe?

A

Matter and energy.

19
Q

Define energy

A

The capacity to do work

20
Q

Define work

A

The result of a force acting at a distance.

21
Q

Kinetic energy

A

The energy of motion.

22
Q

Potential energy

A

Energy associated with position and composition.

23
Q

Electrical energy

A

Flow of electrical charge

24
Q

Chemical energy

A

Positions of particles in a chemical system.

25
Q

Name the main units of energy.

A

kWh, cal, and joules

26
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

Chemical reaction that absorbs energy.

27
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

Chemical reaction that releases energy.

28
Q

name the three units of temperature

A

Celsius, fahrenheit, and kelvin

29
Q

The equation of the relationship between the amount of heat added to a given amount of the substance and the corresponding temperature increase.

A

q (heat) = m (mass) * C (specific heat capacity) * ΔT (temperature change)

30
Q

Change in temperature equation

A

ΔT = Tf - Ti

31
Q

1 calorie (cal) in joules

A

4.184 joules (J)

32
Q

1 Calorie and calories

A

1000 calories

33
Q

1 kilowatt-per-hour in joules

A

3.60 * 10^6J

34
Q

Kelvin to celsius equation

A

K = *C + 273.15

35
Q

Fahrenheit to celsius equation

A

C = (F-32)/1.8

36
Q

Celsius to Fahrenheit equation

A

F = 1.8C + 32

Chemistry (9 decks)

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