Chapter 3 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Plasma membrane
Seperates intracellular fluids from extracellular fluids
Cytoplasm
Stops (viscous) fluid between plasma membrane and the nucleus
Cytoskeleton
Maintenance of cell shape
Ribosomes
Protein synthesis
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Detoxification of drugs
Rough ER
Secretory pathway of protein synthesis
What’s the cell theory
- a cell is the basic structural and function unit of living organisms
- the activity of an organism depends on both the individual and the collective activities of its cells.
- the biochemical activities of cells are dictated by their shapes or forms & by the relative number of their specifics sun cellular structure
- continuity of life from one generation to another has a cellular basis
How r molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms related? (Put in other from lest conplex to most
They are working for the same purpose . To help maintain the human body .
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
What’s cell specialization?
A group of cells performs individual tasks for a larger organ or tissue
How is. Cell’s specialized shape related to its specialized function? Give examples.
Cells that do certain task for the boy often have a shape that halls them perform that tasks .
Ex./ skeletal muscle are long and thin which enable them to contract and move the body.
What r the six major functions of the cell membrane
- Seperate the interior of the cell from the outside environment
- Controls the entrance and exit of substance in/out of the cell
- Give the cell the definite shave
- Connect cells together by plasmodesmata and help in formin tissue
- Help signaling
- Help maintain cell potentiol
Define cell cycle and the sub-stages
The cell cycle is the series of changes a cell goes through from the time it is formed until it reproduces .
G1: the cell is metabolically active, subthesizing proteins rapidly and growing .
S: DNA is replicated.
G2: enzymes and other proteins needed for division are synthesized and moved to their proper sites.
Define cell division
cell division is essential for body growth and tissue repair.
Cells that continuously weAr away(skin, nails) reduce themselves continuously. Others (liver) divide more slowly but is able to reproduce quickly if organ is damaged
Nucleus
Control center of the cell
Nuclear envelope
A double membrane barrier separated by a fluid filled space.
Nucleolus
Contains all the DNA . Uses as instructions
Nuclear pores
Serve as pathways for the exchange of the materials between the nucleus and cytoplasm
Centrioles
Replicate and produce the spindle fibers tht attach to and move the chromosomes during cell division
Mitochondrion
Produce energy
Golgi apparatus
Modify sort, and package of proteins for secretion
Lysosomes
Breakdown of unwanted macromolecules
What’s glycoprotein?
A conjugated protein having a carbohydrate component
What’s phospholipid
A lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule
What’s microtubule?
A microscopic tubular structure present in numbers in the cytoplasm of cells, sometimes forming a more complex structure
