Chapter 3 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Fibrous joint
Thin layer of fibrous periosteum between two bones. Ex- sutures of the skull
Synarthrosis
Suture joint, that has a thin layer of fibrous periosteum between two bones. Shaped to allow them to interlock.
Syndesmosis
It has a great amount of fibrous tissue, like Ligaments and interosseous membranes that hold the joint together. Also called ligamentous joint
Gomphosis
“Bolting together”. A joint that typically occurs between a tooth and the wall of its dental socket
Cartilaginous joint
Hyaline or fibrocartilage between two bones.
Amphiarthrodial joints
Also considered a cartilaginous joint, because it allows a small amount of motion but provides a great amount of stability
Synovial joint
Has no direct union between the bone ends, instead there is a cavity filled with synovial fluid
Diarthrodial joint
A synovial joint that allows free motion. It is not as stable as other types of joints but it allows a great deal of motion.
Nonaxial joint
Movement tends to be linear instead of angular. The joint surfaces are typically flat and glide over one another moving around the other
Joint surfaces that are relatively flat and glide over one another instead of one moving around the other. Ex- carpal joints
Plane joint
Has angular motion occurring in one plane around one axis. Joint that only flex and extend. Ex- elbow, knee
Uniaxial/ hinge joint
Movements that occur in two different directions. Flexion and extension occur around the frontal axis and radial and ulnar deviation occurs around the sagittal axis. Ex- wrist
Biaxial/ condyloid/ ellipsoid joints
Angular motion within three planes. Flexion/ Extension, AB/ADduction, Internal/ External Rotation. Ex- shoulder, hip
Triaxial/ ball&socket/ multiaxial
Two bones of a joint are held together and supported by this structure. It helps to prevent or limit excessive joint motion. Not a unique feature.
Ligament
Outer fibrous layer of the synovial joint that helps support the joint and inner lined portion of synovial membrane.
Joint capsule
Lubricates the joint and provides nutrients for the cartilage, also acts a bit of a shock absorber
Synovial membrane/ synovial fluid
Dense, fibrous connective tissue that can withstand great amount of stress and pressure. All synovial joints have hyaline and articular. Only some have fibro
Cartilage ( hyaline, articular, fibro)
One way a muscle is connected to bone. Can be a cylindrical cord or flattened band but are encased in a tendon sheath
Tendon
Broad, flat tendinous sheet, also how a muscle attaches to bone.
Aponeurosis
Small, pad like sacs that can be found around most joints. They are fluid filled sacs that act as a cushion to reduce friction between tendon and bone
Bursae
Passes through the body from front to back and divides the body into right and left parts. Motions include: flexion and extension
Sagittal plane
Passes through the body from side to side and divides the body into front and back parts. Motions included: AB/ADduction
Frontal plane
Passes through the body horizontally and divides the body into top and bottom parts. Motions included: rotation, rotation of shoulder and hip, supination and pronation
Transverse plane
A point that runs through a joint from front to back
Sagittal axis
