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American Government > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

ratify

A

to approve

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2
Q

legislative branch

A

governing body that creates laws

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3
Q

executive branch

A

governing body that enforcing laws

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4
Q

judicial branch

A

governing body that interprets the law

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5
Q

federalism

A

a system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

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6
Q

militia

A

a group of people who aren’t a part of the armed forces of a country but are trained like soldiers

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7
Q

slander

A

a false speech intended to damage a persons reputation

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8
Q

lame duck

A

an outgoing official serving out the remainder of a term, after retiring, or being defeated for reelection

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9
Q

eminent domain

A

the power of the government to take private property for public use

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10
Q

bureaucracy

A

government administrators

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11
Q

judicial activism

A

the philosophy that the supreme court should avoid taking the initiative on social and political questions

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12
Q

judicial review

A

the power of the supreme court to declare laws and actions of local, state or national governments unconstitutional

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13
Q

checks and balances

A

the system where each branch of government exercises some control over the others

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14
Q

separation of powers

A

the division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government

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15
Q

broad interpretation

A

an interpretation of the US Constitution holding that the spirit of the times and the needs of the nation can legitimately influence judicial decisions(particularly decisions of the Supreme Court) judicial activism

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16
Q

strict interpretation

A

interpreting the Constitution based on a literal and narrow definition of the language without reference to the differences in conditions when the Constitution was written and modern conditions, inventions and societal changes

17
Q

elastic clause

A

Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution that gives Congress the right to make laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the powers expressed in the court other clauses of Article 1

18
Q

Expressed powers

A

powers directly states in the Constitution

19
Q

Due process of law

A

the content of laws and procedures of government must be fair and reasonable

20
Q

probable cause

A

a reasonable basis to believe a person or premises is linked to a crime

21
Q

Prior restraint

A

government censorship of information before it’s published or broadcasted

22
Q

treaty

A

a formal agreement between the governments of 2 or more countries

23
Q

executive agreement

A

an agreement made between the president and a head of state

24
Q

impeach

A

to accuse a public official of misconduct in office

25
Q

petition

A

an appeal

26
Q

enumerated powers

A

the expressed powers of congress that are itemized and numbered, 1-18 in Article 1 Section 8

27
Q

Jurisdiction

A

the authority of a court to rule on certain cases

28
Q

popular sovereignty

A

rule by the people

29
Q

limited government

A

a system in which the power of the government is limited, not absolute

30
Q

supremacy clause

A

statement in Article 4 of the Constitution establishing that the Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties of the US “shall be the supreme Law of the Land”

31
Q

Veto

A

rejection of a bill

32
Q

6 goals of the Preamble

A 
establish justice
insure domestic tranquility 
provide for the common defense
promote the general welfare
secure the blessings of liberty
form a more perfect union
33
Q

7 articles

A

Article 1-legislative branch
Article 2-executive branch
Article 3-judicial branch
Article 4-explained the relationship of the states to one another and to the national government
Article 5-spells out the ways that the Constitution can be amended(changed)
Article 6-contains the Supremacy Clause
Article 7-addresses ratification and declares that the Constitution would take effect after it was ratified by 9 states

34
Q

Formal amendment process

A

the legislatures in 3/4 of states can ratify an amendment

35
Q

Informal amendment process

A

States can hold special conventions and then have 3/4 of the conventions approve it

36
Q

6 basic principles found in the Constitution

A 
popular sovereignty 
limited government 
separation of powers 
checks and balances
judicial review
federalism

American Government (1 decks)

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