Chapter 3 Flashcards
(47 cards)
Cast
[transitive] cast something (over something) to make light, a shadow, etc. appear in a particular place
The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains.
The illuminator did not cast much light
Equip
equip something to be fully/poorly equipped
She got a bank loan to rent and equip a small workshop.
Freight
[uncountable] goods that are transported by ships, planes, trains or lorries/trucks; the system of transporting goods in this way
to send goods by air freight
a freight business
passenger and freight transportation services
Generat
generate something to produce or create something
to generate electricity/heat/power
to generate income/profit
We need someone to generate new ideas.
There are a variety of ways to generate electricity.
The new development will generate 1,500 new jobs.
Selling food will increase the club’s ability to generate revenue/income.
Illuminate
to light something and make it brighter:
The streets were illuminated with strings of coloured lights.
In the past, people used candles to illuminate their houses.
to explain and show more clearly something that is difficult to understand:
an article which illuminates the issues at stake
Knot
She tied the ribbon tightly in a knot.
I can’t untie the knot - it’s too tight.
After several attempts to untie the knot, I admitted defeat and cut through it with a knife.
Can you tie a knot in this piece of string?
The rope was full of knots.
Thesaurus: synonyms and related words
Mode
formal a way of operating, living, or behaving:
Each department in the company has its own mode of operation.
Railways are an important mode of transport for the economy.
Switch your phone to silent mode.
سبك حالت
Portable
that is easy to carry or to move
a portable TV
The equipment is lightweight, portable and easy to store.
Rugged
راگِد
(of land) wild and not even; not easy to travel over:
rugged landscape/terrain/hills/cliffs
Thesaurus: synonyms and related words
Rough, irregular and uneven
Stringent
ˈstrinjənt
having a very severe effect, or being extremely limiting:
The most stringent laws in the world are useless unless there is the will to enforce them.
We need to introduce more stringent security measures such as identity cards.
Stringent safety regulations were introduced after the accident.
Vulnerable
able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked:
I felt very vulnerable, standing there without any clothes on.
It is on economic policy that the government is most vulnerable.
Tourists are more vulnerable to attack, because they do not know which areas of the city to avoid.
Tricky
(rather informal) difficult to do or deal with
a tricky situation
Getting it to fit exactly is a tricky business.
The equipment can be tricky to install.
(of people) clever but likely to trick you
Dependable
I find him very dependable.
She is loyal and totally dependable.
At the time, Britain was seen as the most dependable ally.
The service was not entirely dependable and flights were often cancelled.
Reliable
Extinguish
to stop a fire or a light burning:
It took the firefighters several hours to extinguish the flames.
to extinguish a cigarette
Delicate
needing careful treatment, especially because easily damaged:
Peaches have delicate skins which are easily bruised.
Delicate plants need to be kept in a greenhouse during the winter.
delicate china
Molly’s health has always been delicate (= she gets sick easily).
Intense
Intensely
Intensify
Intensity
A locomotive needs a headlamp with high intensity
Using a stronger battery will intensify lights
The light form candles is not very intense
Some materials burn more intensely than others
Exclude
It wasn’t my intention to exclude her from the list - I just forgot her.
Couples who are childless can feel excluded from the rest of society.
The net weight of something excludes the weight of the material that it is packed in.
At that time, women were excluded from the club.
People who have to, or choose to, exclude certain foods from their diet must be particularly careful about eating healthy balanced meals.
Vegetarianism
Where vegetarianism is not a tradition, this may require some careful planning.
Rebellion
[uncountable, countable] an attempt by some of the people in a country to change their government, using violence
synonym uprising
The north of the country rose in rebellion against the government.
The army put down the rebellion.
…they may do so partly out of a spirit of rebellion,because,,,,
centrepiece
the most important or attractive part or feature of something:
The reduction of crime levels is the centrepiece of the president’s domestic policies.
The centrepiece of the shopping centre is a giant fountain.
clog
to block something or to become blocked
clog something (up) (with something) The narrow streets were clogged with traffic.
Tears clogged her throat.
The wheels got clogged up with mud.
destruction
the act of destroying something, or the fact of being destroyed:
Many people are very concerned about the destruction of the rainforests.
Unusually high winds left a trail of destruction over the area.
disruptive
disrupt
causing trouble and therefore stopping something from continuing as usual:
His teacher described him as a noisy, disruptive influence in class.
Building a subway system can
cause a lot of disruptions to traffic
on the streets.
They try to disrupt traffic as little
as possible during subway construction.
The process of building a subway
can be disruptive, but the result
is well worth it.
Upsetting and destabilizing
intrinsic
extrinsic
being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing:
works of little intrinsic value/interest
Maths is an intrinsic part of the school curriculum.
the intrinsic value of education
These tasks were repetitive, lengthy and lacking any intrinsic interest.
extrinsic factors
She was motivated by the idea of extrinsic rewards such as salary rather than intrinsic ones such as pride and self-respect.
