Chapter 3

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

In biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

A phospholipid later that covers a cell’s surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment.

Question 3

Organelle

Answer 3

One of the small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

In a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in the processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction

Question 5

Prokaryote

Answer 5

An organism that consists of a single cel that does not have a nucleus

Question 6

Eukaryote

Answer 6

An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; eukaryotes include animals, plants and fungi, but not archaebacteria or eubacteria

Question 7

Cell wall

Answer 7

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

Question 8

Ribosome

Answer 8

Cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis

Question 9

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 9

A system of membranes in which proteins, lipids, and other materials are made

Question 10

Mitochondrion

Answer 10

Is the organelle in which sugar is broken down to produce energy

Question 11

Golgi complex

Answer 11

Cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell.

Question 12

Vesicle

Answer 12

A small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell

Question 13

Lysosome

Answer 13

A cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes.