Chapter 3 Flashcards
(11 cards)
Blank a mode of livelihood characterized by permanent or semi-permanent settlements.
Sedentary.
What is the definition of progress according to Robbins?
The idea that human history is the story of a steady advance from a life dependant on the whims of nature to a life of control and domination over natural forces.
What is slash-and-burn (or swidden) agriculture?
A mode of livelihood in which forests are cleared by burning trees and brush, and crops are planted among the ashes of the cleared ground.
Blank is an adaptive strategy based on the herding of domesticated animals such as cattle, sheep or goats.
Pastoralism.
Blank is an adaptive strategy based on the intensive farming of permanent fields - often associated with the use of the plow, irrigation, and sometimes terracing.
Agriculture.
What is industrialism?
Subsidence strategies marked by intensive, mechanized food production and elaborate distribution networks.
For thousands of years, all human beings lived as blank in small, nomadic groups of 30 to 100 people.
Bands *A term to refer to egalitarian units of social organization, found mostly among foragers.
A blank is a form of society characterized by a hierarchical ranking of people and centralized political control.
State
Has cultural complexity increased or decreased our exposure to infectious agents?
Increased, large permanent settlements attract and sustain vermin such as rats and fleas and also result in the buildup of human waste.
Theories of illness to do with soul loss, spirit possession, sorcery, and witchcraft are all expressions of blank.
Interpersonal theory of disease *A view of disease in which it is assumed that illness is caused by tensions or conflicts in social relations.
What is the agroecological approach?
An agricultural method that incorporates Indigenous practices of food production along with the contemporary agricultural research yet preserves the environment.
