Chapter 3. Adler: Individual Psychology

Question 1

Presents an optimistic view of people.

Answer 1

Individual Psychology

Question 2

Theory which believes that people are born with weak, inferior bodies, that lead to dependence on other people.

Answer 2

Individual Psychology

Question 3

Pertains to the feeling of oneness with humanity, is inherent in all individuals.

Answer 3

Social interest

Question 4

Adler soon founded his own group, the ____________.

Answer 4

Society for Individual Psychology

Question 5

Adler believes that Man is motivated by ___________ and ___________.

Answer 5

social influences and striving for superiority

Question 6

True or False. Unlike Freud, Adler believes that people have no choice in shaping their personality.

Answer 6

False. People ARE LARGELY RESPONSIBLE for

who they are.

Question 7

Adler believes that present behavior is shaped by the

past or future?

Answer 7

future

Question 8

Who believed that people are usually aware of what

they are doing and why?

Answer 8

Alfred Adler

Question 9

Tenets of Individual Psychology

Answer 9

1. The one dynamic force behind people’s behavior is the striving for success or superiority.
2. People’s subjective perceptions shape their behavior and personality.
3. Personality is unified and self-consistent.
4. The value of all human activity must be seen from the viewpoint of social interest.
5. The self-consistent personality structure develops into a person’s style of life.
6. Style of life is molded by people’s creative power.

Question 10

What is the one dynamic force behind people’s behavior?

Answer 10

striving for success or superiority

Question 11

People’s _________ shape their behavior and personality.

Answer 11

subjective perceptions

Question 12

True or False. Personality is unified and self-consistent.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Style of life is molded by people’s _________.

Answer 13

creative power

Question 14

This activate feelings of inferiority.

Answer 14

Physical deficiencies

Question 15

Psychologically unhealthy individuals strive for __________.

Answer 15

personal superiority

Question 16

What does psychologically healthy individuals seek?

Answer 16

success for all humanity

Question 17

The striving for success or superiority is guided by what?

Answer 17

Final Goal

Question 18

It is fictional with no objective existence.

Answer 18

Final Goal

Question 19

The final goal is __________ for neglected or pampered children.

Answer 19

unconscious

Question 20

The final goal is __________ for children who experience love and security.

Answer 20

conscious

Question 21

These are expectations of the future.

Answer 21

fictions

Question 22

This is an explanation of behavior in terms of its

final purpose or aim.

Answer 22

Teleology

Question 23

True or False. Physical deficiencies serve an impetus toward perfection or completion.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

True or False. Adler’s theory proposes that inconsistent behavior do not exist.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

It is the harmony between conscious and unconscious actions.

Answer 25

dichotomous nature

Question 26

It is a kind of physical speech.

Answer 26

organ dialect

Question 27

True or False. Style of life is fairly established by age 10 or 12.

Answer 27

False. Fairly established by age 4 or 5.

Question 28

Includes a person’s goal, self-concept, feelings for | others, and attitude towards the world.

Answer 28

style of life

Question 29

What is the style of life of unhealthy individuals?

Answer 29

rigid style of life

Question 30

What is the style of life of healthy individuals?

Answer 30

flexible style of life

Question 31

External Factors

Answer 31

1. Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies 2. Pampered Style of Life 3. Neglected Style of Life

Question 32

These are largely conscious actions that protect self-esteem from public disgrace.

Answer 32

Safeguarding Tendencies

Question 33

Safeguarding Tendencies includes _______, ________, and ________.

Answer 33

1. Excuses 2. Aggression 3. Withdrawal

Question 34

People state what they claim they would like to do, that others will like, then follow it up with an excuse.

Answer 34

Excuses

Question 35

• Protects a weak sense of self-worth and deceive people into believing they are more superior than they really are.

Answer 35

Excuses

Question 36

3 forms of Aggression

Answer 36

1. Depreciation 2. Accusation 3. Self-Accusation

Question 37

Undervaluing other people’s achievement and | overvaluing one’s own.

Answer 37

Depreciation

Question 38

Tendency to blame others and seek revenge.

Answer 38

Accusation

Question 39

People devalue themselves to inflict suffering on others.

Answer 39

Self-Accusation

Question 40

2 forms of Withdrawal

Answer 40

1. Running away from difficulties | 2. Safeguarding through distance

Question 41

4 Forms of Safeguarding through distance

Answer 41

1. Moving backward (reverting to a secure period of life) 2. Standing still ( avoiding responsibilities) 3. Hesitating (vacillation, procrastination) 4. Constructing obstacles (creating problems or trials)

Question 42

Applications of Individual Psychology

Answer 42

1. Family constellation 2. Early Recollections 3. Dreams 4. Psychotherapy

Question 43

Overemphasis on the importance of being | manly.

Answer 43

Masculine protest

Question 44

Enhance courage, lessen feelings of inferiority, and encourage social interest.

Answer 44

Psychotherapy

Question 45

3 Aspects of the Family Constellation

Answer 45

1. Birth order 2. gender of siblings 3. age spread

Question 46

What birth order is described? ``` Positive Traits • Nurturing and protective Negative Traits • Highly anxious • Exaggerated feelings of power • Unconscious hostility • Fights for acceptance • Must always be right • Highly critical of others • uncooperative ```

Answer 46

Oldest Child

Question 47

What birth order is described? ``` Positive Traits •Highly motivated • Cooperative • Moderately cooperative Negative Traits • Highly competitive • Easily discouraged ```

Answer 47

Second Child

Question 48

What birth order is described? ``` Positive Traits • Realistically Ambitious Negative Traits • Pampered • Dependent • Wants to excel in everything • Unrealistically ambitious ```

Answer 48

Youngest Child

Question 49

What birth order is described? ``` Positive Traits • Socially Mature Negative Traits • Exaggerated Superiority • Low cooperation • Inflated sense of self • Pampered style of life ```

Answer 49

Only Child

Question 50

It reflects patterns of one’s life.

Answer 50

Early recollections