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Hearing Aid Academy > Chapter 3 : Adult Sensorineural Hearing Loss > Flashcards

Chapter 3 : Adult Sensorineural Hearing Loss Flashcards

1
Q

linear amplification

A

Oldest type of hearing aid amplification/amplifies all inputs the same amount / does not address nonlinear nature of SNHL / uses peak clipping to prevent LDL / causes some distortion at high input levels
Term

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2
Q

ALD (assistive listening devices), examples

A

TV ears /fm system / alarm devices / caption call

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3
Q

distortion

A

makes things louder but not clearer and hard to hear in background noise

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4
Q

Hearing loss effects how many people

A

32 million

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5
Q

what microphone mode best helps a user in noisy situations

A

directional

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6
Q

how many people use hearing aids

A

4.5 million

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7
Q

basic hearing aid structure

A

acoustic to mechanical
mechanical to acoustic
boosts electrical signal
electric to acoustic

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8
Q

ITE Cons

A

visible hearing aid does not take advantage of pinna and concha / one piece design means it has to be sent in for common repairs like cerumen and moisture / need some dexterity to insert

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9
Q

BTE Cons

A

large size / uncomfortable / does not take advantage of pinna and concha / mic above pinna is vulnerable to scalp sweat

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10
Q

ITC Cons

A

easily dislodged / need dexterity to insert, remove, and adjust

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11
Q

Digitally Controlled Analog

A

multiple parameters can be adjusted under computer control / allows more options in smaller size aids / one size fits all / can be adjusted easily as hearing loss progresses or fluctuates / memories for special listening situations

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12
Q

Microphone Stage

A

acoustic to mechanical / mechanical to electric

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13
Q

Amplifier Stage

A

boosts electrical signal

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14
Q

What is Peak Clipping

A

when a signal is so loud a hearing aid does not reproduce that sound to prevent LDL

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15
Q

Middle Ear Implant

A

Attached to the tympanic membrane, ossicular chain, and window membrane / the vibrant sound bridge is a middle ear implant / transformation of sound vibrations through electromagnetic device which directly move the ossicular chain / eliminates feed back, occlusion effect / cuts down on distortion

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16
Q

What is a FM System

A

a wireless system that allows the transmission of a signal from a person wearing a microphone to a hearing aid user

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17
Q

Ossicular Chain

A

3 bones in the middle ear (malleus, incus, and stapes) that connect the eardrum to the inner ear and help to amplify sounds

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18
Q

What is the las stage before output to the external auditory meatus ?

A

Receiver Stage

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19
Q

ITE Advantages

A

fits in concha / mic at ear canal level / mild to severe hearing loss

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20
Q

When are hearing aids not enough

A

Attention Sounds

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21
Q

Benefits of Cochlear Implants

A

can hear conversation and environment at comfortable levels / can hear warning signals / most have improved lip reading / improved communication in quiet and noise without lip reading / 35 - 51% can use phone better / better sentence recognition scores

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22
Q

How does a cochlear implant work

A

inner coil is placed in a cavity in the skull during surgery / electrode array is placed through a cochleostomy. into the scala tympani / multichannel multi-electrode implants take advantage of tonotopic organization of the cochlea

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23
Q

Analog

A

receivers and mics are analog / converts acoustic to mechanical to electric signal and back

24
Q

What is Attentuation

A

loss of auditory sensitvity

25
Q

What is recruitment

A

very small amount between most comfortable and leas comfortable level

26
Q

FMT

A

Floating mass transducer is a small portion of the middle ear implant that connects the implant to the stapes

27
Q

What part of a cochlear implant is placed into the cochlea

A

implanted electrode array

28
Q

what % use hearing aids

A

10-20%

29
Q

Name some implantable devices

A

bone anchored hearing aids / middle ear implants / cochlear implants / canal implants

30
Q

what type of amplification amplifies soft speech, average speech, and loud speech the same

A

compression

31
Q

which stage transforms acoustic, mechanical, and electrical signals

A

microphone stage

32
Q

What is ALD

A

Assistive listening devices provide assistance for special occasions

33
Q

CIC Cons

A

need extremely good dexterity to place and remove / easily lost due to small size / some circuitry not available in this size / feedback can be an issue / need to teach patient how to adjust, insert, remove, and clean

34
Q

Amplifier Stage

A

boosts electrical signal

35
Q

Receiver Stage

A

electrical to acoustic

36
Q

ITE Cons

A

visible / doesn’t take advantage of pinna and concha / one piece design means the whole thing needs to be sent back for repairs for common problems like cerumen and moisture / need some dexterity to insert

37
Q

ITE Benefits

A

fits in concha/ mic at ear canal level / mild to severe hearing loss

38
Q

CIC Benefits

A

hidden in canal / full effect of auricle / receiver closer to tympanic membrane so requires less amplification

39
Q

BICROS

A

Use with bad hearing ear and worse hearing ear /, signal is sent from worse ear to bad ear / provides amplification to better hearing ear

40
Q

Year first all transistor hearing aid

A

1953

41
Q

Adult Selection Criteria for Cochlear Implants

A

bilateral severe to profound hearing loss / minimal benefit to conventional hearing aids / no medical contraindications for surgery / results best in post-lingual hearing loss

42
Q

Receiver Stage

A

electrical to acoustic

43
Q

Why do implants take advantage of tonotopic organization in the cochlea

A

multi-electrode implants in the cochlea are for specific frequencies and location is approximated by tonotopicity

44
Q

Microphone Stage

A

acoustic to mechanical / mechanical to electric

45
Q

3 factors of SNHL

A

attenuation recruitment distortion

46
Q

CROS

A

Route signal from one ear to the other/ used with one good hearing ear and one bad hearing ear / prevents head shadow effect / mic at bad ear sends signal to good ear

47
Q

What is dynamic range?

A

How soft and loud someone can hear and everything in between

48
Q

DSP

A

Latest technology / convert sound to numeric data / higher fidelity sound / allows for more complex algorithms for control of environment and noise

49
Q

Which hearing aids take advantage of the Pinna and concha

A

ITE ITC CIC

50
Q

People with hearing loss suffer from

A

emotional social communicative dysfunction

51
Q

What circuitry allows for an individuals dynamic range

A

Compression

52
Q

What component of SNHL does LDL indirectly measure

A

recruitment

53
Q

Three Main parts of cochlear implant

A

microphone speech processor implanted electrode array

54
Q

Which hearing AIDS require a custom ear mold

A

BTE / ITC

55
Q

ITC advantages

A

Only face sticks out into concha / wide range of hearing loss / mic at opening of ear canal / takes advantage of pinna and concha

56
Q

What implant utilizes an electromagnetic device to vibrate the ossicular chain

A

Middle ear implant

57
Q

Which do patients tend to prefer more peak clipping or nonlinear dynamic compression

A

Compression

Hearing Aid Academy (1 decks)

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