Chapter 3: Alfred Adler

Question 1

presents an optimistic view of people while resting
heavily on the notion of social interest, that is, a feeling of oneness with all
humankind.

Answer 1

Individual Psychology

Question 2

What motivates people according to Alder?

Answer 2

social influences and by their striving for
superiority or success

Question 3

Who is responsible for how people act?

Answer 3

Themselves

Question 4

What shapes the present behavior of people in Individual Psychology?

Answer 4

View of the future

Question 5

What is Alder’s view on psychologically healthy people?

Answer 5

They are aware of what they are doing/ they are conscious about their actions

Question 6

Where was Adler born?

Answer 6

Rudolfsheim, Austria

Question 7

When was Alfred Adler born?

Answer 7

February 7, 1870

Question 8

What age did Adler have pneumonia?

Answer 8

5

Question 9

Adler’s parents

Answer 9

Pauline and Leopold

Question 10

What experience made Adler want to become a physician?

Answer 10

death of a brother and when he nearly died of pneumonia

Question 11

His brother and rival

Answer 11

Sigmund Adler

Question 12

What is Adler’s view?

Answer 12

y. To Adler, people are born with weak, inferior bodies—a condition
that leads to feelings of inferiority and a consequent dependence on other people

Question 13

First tenet of Adlerian theory

Answer 13

The one dynamic force behind people’s behavior is the striving for success or superiority.

Question 14

What is the final goal of Alfred Adler’s Psychology?

Answer 14

unifies personality and renders all behavior comprehensible.

Question 15

What creates the Final goal?

Answer 15

creative power

Question 16

What is the striving force for compensation?

Answer 16

People strive for superiority or success as a means of compensation for feelings
of inferiority or weakness

Question 17

What is Striving for superiority?

Answer 17

Striving for personal gain. Domination over others.

Question 18

Exaggerated feelings of inferiority

Answer 18

Inferiority complex

Question 19

people who strive for personal gain are those psychologically healthy people who are motivated by social interest and the success of all humankind.

Answer 19

Striving for success

Question 20

What is Adler’s second tenet?

Answer 20

People’s subjective perceptions shape their behavior and personality

Question 21

What is fictionalism?

Answer 21

ideas that have no real existence, yet they
influence people as if they really existed

Question 22

people develop a fiction or belief system about how to overcome these physical deficiencies and become big, strong, and superior

Answer 22

physical inferiorities

Question 23

Third tenet of Adlerian theory

Answer 23

Personality is unified and self-consistent.
In choosing the term individual psychology

Question 24

the deficient organ/inferior aspect expresses the
direction of the individual’s goal

Answer 24

Organ dialect

Question 25

What is unconscious according to Adlerian theory?

Answer 25

that part of the goal that is neither clearly formulated nor completely understood by the individual.

Question 26

What is the fourth tenet of Adlerian theory?

Answer 26

The value of all human activity must be seen from the viewpoint of social interest. For the benefit of humanity.

Question 27

was ist gemeinschaftsgeist?

Answer 27

strives not for personal superiority but for perfection for all people in an ideal community.

Question 28

Was bedeutet gemeinschaftsgeist auf englisch

Answer 28

community feeling or social feeling/interest

Question 29

term Adler used to refer to the flavor of a person’s life. It includes a person’s goal, self-concept, feelings for others, and attitude toward the world. It is the product of the interaction of heredity, environment, and a person’s creative power

Answer 29

Style of life

Question 30

When is style of life established according to Adler?

Answer 30

4 to 5 years old

Question 31

What is the fifth tenet of Adlerian theory?

Answer 31

The self-consistent personality structure develops into a person’s style of life

Question 32

What is the final tenet of Adlerian theory

Answer 32

Style of life is molded by people’s creative power

Question 33

places them in control of their own lives, is responsible for their final goal, determines their method of striving for that goal, and contributes to the development of social interest. In short, creative power makes each person a free individual

Answer 33

Creative power

Question 34

the one factor underlying all types of maladjustments

Answer 34

Underdeveloped social interest

Question 35

3 reasons for neurotics

Answer 35

1. set their goals too high 2. have their own private world 3. rigid style of life

Question 36

External factors for maladjustment

Answer 36

1. exaggerated physical deficiencies 2. pampered style of life 3. neglected style of life

Question 37

they tend to be overly concerned with themselves and lack consideration for others

Answer 37

Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies

Question 38

They expect others to look after them, overprotect them, and satisfy their needs. They are characterized by extreme discouragement, indecisiveness, oversensitivity, impatience, and exaggerated emotion, especially anxiety

Answer 38

Pampered Style of Life

Question 39

Children who feel unloved and unwanted

Answer 39

Neglected Style of Life

Question 40

people create patterns of behavior to protect their exaggerated sense of self-esteem against public disgrace

Answer 40

Safeguarding Tendencies

Question 41

protect a weak—but artificially inflated—sense of self-worth and deceive people into believing that they are more superior than they really are. One of the most commonly used. Deflection of problems.

Answer 41

Excuses

Question 42

one of the most common safeguarding method used by people to protect their fragile self-esteem. Directly confronts issues.

Answer 42

Aggression

Question 43

the tendency to undervalue other people’s achievements and to overvalue one’s own

Answer 43

Depreciation

Question 44

the tendency to blame others for one's own mistakes

Answer 44

Accusation

Question 45

people devalue themselves in order to inflict suffering on others while protecting their own magnified feelings of self-esteem

Answer 45

Self-accusation

Question 46

safeguarding through distance

Answer 46

Withdrawal

Question 47

psychologically reverting to a more secure period of life

Answer 47

Moving backward

Question 48

They safeguard their fictional aspirations because they never do anything to prove that they cannot accomplish their goals

Answer 48

Standing still

Question 49

wasting time

Answer 49

hesitating

Question 50

Some people build a straw house (easy to solve issues) to show that they can knock it down. To create a hoax sense of capability.

Answer 50

constructing obstacles

Question 51

cultural and social practices—not anatomy—influence many men and women to overemphasize the importance of being manly

Answer 51

Masculine protest

Question 52

what is the purpose of Adlerian therapy?

Answer 52

the chief purpose of Adlerian psychotherapy is to enhance courage, lessen feelings of inferiority, and encourage social interest Establish courage, promote social interest, and lessen feelings of inferiority.

Question 53

what are firstborns according to Adlerian theory?

Answer 53

intensified feelings of power and superiority, high anxiety, and overprotective tendencies

Question 54

what are secondborns according to Adlerian theory?

Answer 54

Highly motivated Cooperative Moderately competitive Highly competitive Easily discouraged